About the Main Monument

When was it dedicated? 1914.

What is it made out of? Bronze plaque, 3’1″x1’8.”

What does it honor? Denotes the location of the hospital at the McPherson Barn.

Description: Denotes the use of the McPherson Barn as a field hospital for both sides during the battle of Gettysburg on July 1, 2, and 3. At some point July 4 appears to have been removed. Placed on North gable wall of the McPherson Barn which was used as a field hospital for the wounded of the Union and Confederate armies.

How is it inscribed? This barn was used as a hospital and sheltered the wounded of the Union and Confederate armies July 1. 2. 3. 1863

When was this photograph taken? November 13, 2009.

Has this monument been moved or changed? This monument has not been changed or materially altered.

When was it dedicated? September 1, 1889.

What is it made out of? Granite and bronze.

Who made it? Erected by the Survivors Association of the 90th Pennsylvania Volunteers and friends of Rev. Horatio S. Howell.

What does it depict? Composed of open bronze book with narrative inscription, resting on a lectern of polished red granite. 4′ high, tablet, 1’8″ x 2′. Lectern’s granite post is supported by a base of Gettysburg granite on which the bronze dedicatory tablet is mounted. An open book on a circular pedestal set within church steps.

What does it honor? Howell was born in Trenton, New Jersey and was a minister in the Presbyterian Church in northeastern Pennsylvania. He held staunch Unionist and abolitionist views. On March 13, 1862, he enlisted as the regimental chaplain of the 90th Pennsylvania Infantry in Philadelphia.

Inscription: OUR TRIBUTE/SURVIVORS ASSOCIATION OF THE 90TH PENNA VOLS/AND PERSONAL FRIENDS OF/THE LAMENTED CHAPLAIN (On book, left page:) IN MEMORIAM,/REV. HORATIO S. HOWELL/CHAPLAIN./90TH PENNA VOLS,/WAS CRUELLY SHOT/DEAD ON THESE/CHURCH STEPS ON/THE AFTERNOON OF/JULY 1ST 1863. (On book, right page:) “HE DELIVERETH ME/FROM MINE ENEMIES./YEA, THOU LIFTEST ME/UP ABOVE THOSE THAT/RISE UP AGAINST ME”/18TH PSALMS/48TH VERSE./”HE BEING DEAD YET/SPEAKETH”/HEBREWS II 4TH

When was this photograph taken? May 30, 2009.

Where is it located? Steps of the Christ Lutheran Church in the town. Located at the foot of the steps of the Christ Lutheran Church on Chambersburg Street in Gettysburg where Howell was killed.

Is this monument located along the NPS Auto Tour route? Yes.

Has this monument been moved or changed? This monument has not been changed or moved.

Main Profile: Monument to the 90th Pennsylvania Infantry.

When was it dedicated? Completed 1920-1921.

What is it made out of? Consists of a heavy 12-pounder bronze cannon mounted on a granite base.

Who made it? Erected by the Gettysburg National Parks Commission. Designed by Emmor B. Cope of the War Department.

What does it depict? One of four Civil War CSA Headquarter Markers in the Park.

What does it honor? Designates location of Lee’s Headquarters during Battle of Gettysburg, July 1-3, 1863.

How is it inscribed? The monument reads as follows:

C.S.A.
In this field was located
headquarters of the Army of
Northern Virginia
July 1. 2. 3. 4. 1863
“My headquarters were in tents in an
apple orchard back of the Seminary
along the Chambersburg Pike”
Robt. E. Lee

When was this photograph taken? June 4, 2010.

Where is it located? Located Gettysburg National Military Park, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325. Located on South side of Chambersburg Pike (US30), West of Seminary Lane and Confederate Avenue.

Has this monument been moved or changed? This monument has not been moved or materially altered.

About the Main Monument

When was it dedicated? Sept. 1, 1892.

What is it made out of? Sculpture: bronze; Base: granite.

What size is it? Sculpture: approx. H. 10 ft. 4 in.; Base: approx. 4 ft. 2 in. x 5 ft. x 8 ft.

Who made it? Pausch, Edward Ludwig Albert, 1856-1931, sculptor. Van Amringe Granite Company, fabricator.

What does it depict? A standing figure of an infantryman entering battle with his musket at the ready. The sculpture is mounted on a granite boulder that is adorned with a bronze plaque depicting the corps insignia. The base is flanked by two bronze inscription plaques. The inscription on a plaque in the ground to the right of the monument describes the infantry troop movements from Gettysburg to Harrisburg. The inscription a plaque in the ground to the left of the monument lists the regimental statistics and Gettysburg battle statistics.

What does it honor? The monument commemorates the service of the twenty-sixth Pennsylvania Emergency Regiment which marched west on Chambersburg Pike to meet head to head with Early’s division of Confederates, but were forced to withdraw toward Hunterstown.

How is it inscribed? EPAUSCH (On bronze Pennsylvania state seal on front of base:) VIRTUE LIBERTY AND INDEPENDENCE

When was this photograph taken? December 9, 2011.

Where is it located? Located at Gettysburg National Military Park, Intersection of Chambersburg Street, Buford Avenue and Springs Avenue, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325.

Is this monument located along the NPS Auto Tour route? No.

Has this monument been moved or changed? The boulder at the base of the monument was damaged by phosphorus fire on the night of March 22, 1979. The monument itself was badly burned in a truck fire in 1978. This effects the monument’s bronze patina.

Monument Details, Alternative Views, and Contextual Views

At Gettysburg

Commander: Colonel William W. Jennings

Number Engaged: 750.

General Information

Raised: Central Pennsylvania.

Regimental History ~ Dyer’s Compendium of the War of the Rebellion:

Organized at Harrisburg June 22, 1863, for the protection of Pennsylvania against Lee’s invasion. Duty in Dept. of the Susquehanna, near Gettysburg, Pa., June 26. Mustered out July 31, 1863.

Dance’s Battalion served as a member of the Artillery Reserve in the Second Corps, Army of Northern Virginia.

About the Main Monument

When was it dedicated? Erected circa 1910. The last monument was completed on December 19, 1910.

What is it made out of? Foundation: Concrete. Monument: Polished smooth red Maine granite. Plaque: Bronze.

What size is it? 3.8 feet x 3.4 feet diameter base. Height 5’4″. Tablet measures 4 feet by 3 feet 8 inches and weighs 300 pounds. Overall weight is 3000 pounds.

Who made it? Albert Russell & Sons Co. of Newburyport, Massachusetts. Erected by the United States War Department.

What does it depict? Monolith consisting of polished smooth red Maine granite pedestal with a circular base. On each pedestal is mounted a bronze inscription tablet describing the movements and actions of the unit.

What does it honor? One of 64 Confederate brigade monuments. Designed by E. B. Cope and erected by the U.S. War Department. They indicate the general location of the centers of the various Confederate brigades and artillery battalions during several phases of the battle. Some of the tablets were made from melted down Civil War cannon. The tablets describe the itinerary and movements of each brigade.

How is it inscribed? The monument reads,

C. S. A.
ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA
EWELL’S CORPS ARTILLERY RESERVE
DANCE’S BATTALION
FIRST VIRGINIA ARTILLERY
Cunningham’s Smith’s Watson’s Griffin’s and Graham’s Batteries
Four 20 Pounder Parrotts Four 10 Pounder Parrotts
Ten 3 Inch Rifles Two Napoleons

July 1. The Battalion reached the field in evening too late to take part in the battle.

July 2 & 3. The four first named batteries occupied positions at various points on this ridge. Graham’s Battery of 20 Pounder Parrotts served east of Rock Creek. All were actively engaged.

July 4. At nightfall began the march to Hagerstown.

Losses Killed 3 Wounded 19

Ammunition expended 1888 rounds.

When was this photograph taken? December 17, 2009.

Where is it located? Located Gettysburg National Military Park, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325. Located on West side of Confederate Avenue, North of Fairfield Road on Seminary grounds.

Is this monument located along the NPS Auto Tour route? No.

Has this monument been moved or changed? This monument has not been changed or materially altered.

At Gettysburg

Commander: Captain Willis Jefferson Dance (June 21, 1821-February 13, 1887) served as a Confederate artillerist in the American Civil War.

After Action Report: After Action Report of Capt. Willis J. Dance (will open a pop up window).

About the Main Monument

When was it dedicated? Erected between 1907 and 1908.

What is it made out of? Foundation: Concrete. Monument: Polished red Jonesboro Granite. Plaque: Bronze.

What size is it? 24 by 50 inches and 7 feet high.

Who made it? Van Armitage Granite Company

What does it depict? One of 45 monuments erected to units of the United States regular army on the battlefield. A red polished Jonesboro granite monolith that is set upon a concrete foundation with a descriptive 3’6′x3’7′ bronze tablet with the coat of arms of the United States in bronze.

What does it honor? Locates position occupied by Stewarts Battery B, 4th US during Battle of Gettysburg, July 1-3, 1863.

How is it inscribed? Reads,

ARMY OF THE POTOMAC
FIRST CORPS
ARTILLERY BRIGADE
BATTERY B FOURTH U. S. ARTILLERY
Six 12 Pounders
Lieut. James Stewart Commanding

July 1. In position about 200 yards south of the Seminary until 3 P. M. when ordered to the support of Brig. General J. C. Robinson’s Division First Corps and took position on Seminary Ridge one half of the Battery between Chambersburg Pike and the railroad cut. The other half north of the cut in the corner of the woods was actively engaged. The Battery afterwards retired with the troops to Cemetery Hill where it went into position on the Baltimore Pike opposite the Evergreen Cemetery commanding the approach from the town. Two guns on the Pike and two in the field two guns having been disabled.

July 2 & 3. Remained in this position.

Casualties Killed 2 Men Wounded 2 Officers and 29 Men Missing 3 Men

When was this photograph taken? June 6, 2008. Monument faces north and somewhat west.

Where is it located? Located Gettysburg National Military Park, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325

Is this monument located along the NPS Auto Tour route? Yes, located along the extended tour that includes Culp’s Hill.

Has this monument been moved or changed? This monument has not been moved or materially changed.

Monument Details, Alternative Views, and Contextual Views

At Gettysburg

The was also known as Gibbon’s Battery. During the battle of Gettysburg, it served as a member of Wainwright’s Brigade of the First Corps, Army of the Potomac.

Commander: Lt. James Stewart (1826-1905). Native of Scotland. Wounded on July 2. Buried in Arlington National Cemetery.

Number Engaged: 6 Napoleons and 90 men

Casualties: 2 killed, 31 wounded, 3 missing

Soldiers Buried in the United States Plot of the Gettysburg National Cemetery:

• Pvt. Uriah Palmer, detailed from Company A 6th Wisconsin, D-3 of Wisconsin Plot
• Pvt. Charles Patton, detailed from Company E 24th Michian, I-1 of Michigan Plot

General Information

Raised: Organized in 1821, the unit was stationed at Fort Crittenden in the Utah Territory prior to the Civil War.

Regimental History ~ Dyer’s Compendium of the War of the Rebellion:

Reached Washington, D.C., October, 1861. Attached to McDowell’s Division, Army of the Potomac, to March, 1862. Artillery, 1st Division, 1st Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, to April, 1862. Artillery, 3rd Division, Dept. of the Rappahannock, to June, 1862. Artillery, 1st Division, 3rd Corps, Army of Virginia, to September, 1862. Artillery, 1st Division, 1st Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, to May, 1863. Artillery Brigade, 1st Army Corps, to March, 1864. Artillery Brigade, 5th Army Corps, to May, 1865. Dept. of Washington, D.C., to August, 1865.

SERVICE.–Duty in the Defenses of Washington, D. C., until March, 1862. Advance on Manassas, Va., March 10-15. Advance on Falmouth, Va., April 9-19. Duty at Falmouth and Fredericksburg until August. Reconnaissance from Fredericksburg to Orange Court House July 24-27. Battle of Cedar Mountain August 9. Pope’s Campaign in Northern Virginia August 16-September 2. Battles of Groveton August 29; Bull Run August 30. Maryland Campaign September 6-22. Battle of Antietam, Md., September 16-17. Movement to Falmouth, Va., October 30-November 19. Battle of Fredericksburg December 12-15. At Falmouth until April, 1863. Chancellorsville Campaign April 27-May 6. Operations at Pollock’s Mill Crossing April 29-May 2. Battle of Chancellorsville May 2-5. Gettysburg (Pa.) Campaign June 11-July 24. Battle of Gettysburg July 1-3. Bristoe Campaign October 9-22. Advance to line of the Rappahannock November 7-8. Mine Run Campaign November 26-December 2. Demonstration on the Rapidan February 6-7, 1864. Rapidan Campaign May 4-June 12. Battles of the Wilderness May 5-7. Spotsylvania May 8-21. North Anna River May 22-26. Jericho Ford May 25. On line of the Pamunkey May 26-28. Totopotomoy May 28-31. Cold Harbor June 1-12. Bethesda Church June 1-3. Before Petersburg June 16-18. Siege of Petersburg June 16, 1864, to April 2, 1865. Boydton Plank Road, Hatcher’s Run, October 27-28, 1864. Warren’s Raid on Weldon Railroad December 7-12. Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9, 1865. Junction, Quaker and Boydton Roads March 29. Lewis Farm, near Gravelly Run, March 29. White Oak Road March 31. Battle of Five Forks April 1. Appomattox Court House April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. Moved to Washington, D.C., May. Grand Review May 23. Duty in the Defenses of Washington, D.C., until August, 1865.

About the Main Monument

When was it dedicated? Sept. 11, 1889.

What is it made out of? Sculpture: granite with bronze relief; Base: granite.

What size is it? Sculpture: approx. 5 ft. x 2 ft. 9 1/2 in. x 1 ft. 6 in.; Base: approx. W. 4 ft. x D. 2 ft. 8 in.

Who made it? Smith Granite Company, fabricator.

What does it depict? Monument consists of blue Westerly granite and stands 8? in height. The monument is a large upright marker with rough-hewn edges. Sgt. Ben Crippen is the uniformed color bearer on the front in high relief. The full-length figure holds a flag on a pole in his proper right hand. His proper left hand is clenched in a fist. The flag drapes behind his proper right shoulder. The Pennsylvania Coat of Arms is affixed to the upper right corner. Flanking markers are apex topped, 6×6 inches.

What does it honor? It is marks the position maintained by the 143rd Pennsylvania Infantry in the forenoon and early afternoon of July 1, 1863.

How is it inscribed? THIS MONUMENT MARKS RIGHT OF/FIRST POSITION JULY 1ST 1863,/FACING NORTH AND SECOND POSITION/FACING WEST WHICH THE REGIMENT/HELD FROM 11:00 A.M./UNTIL FIRST CORPS FELL BACK/LEFT POSITION ON SEMINARY RIDGE/RIGHT RESTING ON RAILROAD CUT/JULY 2D & 3D/REGIMENT WAS IN LINE ON LEFT CENTRE

When was this photograph taken? March 26, 2012.

Where is it located? Located Gettysburg National Military Park, South side of Chambersburg Pike, west of Reynolds Avenue, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325.

Is this monument located along the NPS Auto Tour route? No.

Has this monument been moved or changed? This monument has not been moved or materially altered.

Monument Details, Alternative Views, and Contextual Views

At Gettysburg

The 143rd Pennsylvania Infantry served as a member of Stone’s Brigade in Doubleday’s Division of the First Corps, Army of the Potomac. A Fighting 300 Regiment.

Commander: Col. Edmund L. Dana (1817-1889). Graduate of Yale, Mexican War veteran, lawyer in Wilkes Barre. Dana was promoted to command of the brigade and Lt. Col. John D. Musser (1826-1864) took command. Lived in Lewisburg prior to War. California gold miner. Killed in action at the battle of the Wilderness.

Number Engaged: 515

Casualties: 21 killed, 141 wounded, 91 missing

Officers Killed at Gettysburg:

• 2nd Lieutenant Charles W. Betzenberger, Company I, killed on July 1
• 1st Lieutenant Lyman R. Nicholson, Company G, mortally wounded on July 1

Soldiers Buried in the Pennsylvania Plot of the Gettysburg National Cemetery:

• Pvt. Westly Craigle, Company D, B-56
• Pvt. Joseph Montonye, Company D, B-77
• Pvt. Major Sorber, Company D, D-70
• Cpl. Henry Ulrich, Company B, B-57
• Cpl. William N. Williams, Company K, E-13

After Action Report: After Action Report of Lieut. Col. John D. Musser (will open a pop up window).

Medal of Honor Winners: RUTTER, JAMES M. Rank and organization: Sergeant, Company C, 143d Pennsylvania Infantry. Place and date: At Gettysburg, Pa., 1 July 1863. Entered service at: ——. Birth: Wilkes Barre, Pa. Date of issue: 30 October 1896. Citation: At great risk of his life went to the assistance of a wounded comrade, and while under fire removed him to a place of safety.

General Information

Raised: Luzerne and Susquehanna counties.

Regimental History ~ Dyer’s Compendium of the War of the Rebellion:

Organized at Wilkes-Barre October 18, 1862. Left State for Washington, D.C., November 7, and duty in the Defenses of that city until January 17, 1863. Attached to 1st Brigade, Defenses of Washington, north of the Potomac, to January, 1863. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, 1st Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, to December, 1863. 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, 1st Army Corps, to March, 1864. 3rd Brigade, 4th Division, 5th Army Corps, to June, 1864. 1st Brigade, 1st Division, 5th Army Corps, to September, 1864. 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, 5th Army Corps, to February, 1865. Hart’s Island, New York Harbor, Dept. of the East, to June, 1865.

SERVICE.–Ordered to Join Army of the Potomac in the field January, 1863. Duty at Belle Plains, Va., until April 27. Chancellorsville Campaign April 27-May 6. Operations at Pollock’s Mill Creek April 29-May 2. Battle of Chancellorsville May 2-5. Gettysburg (Pa.) Campaign June 11-July 24. Battle of Gettysburg July 1-3. Pursuit of Lee July 5-24. Duty at Bealeton Station until October. Bristoe Campaign October 9-22. Haymarket October 19. Advance to line of the Rappahannock November 7-8. Warrenton November 7. Guard at Manassas Junction November 22-December 5. Demonstration on the Rapidan February 6-7, 1864. Duty near Culpeper until May. Rapidan Campaign May 4-June 12. Battles of the Wilderness May 5-7; Laurel Hill May 8; Spottsylvania May 8-12; Spottsylvania Court House May 12-21. Assault on the Salient May 12. North Anna River May 23-26. Jericho Ford May 25. On line of the Pamunkey May 26-28. Totopotomoy May 28-31. Cold Harbor June 1-12. Bethesda Church June 1-3. Before Petersburg June 16-18. Siege of Petersburg June 16, 1864, to February 10, 1865. Mine Explosion July 30, 1864 (Reserve). Weldon Railroad August 18-21. Boydton Plank Road, Hatcher’s Run, October 27-28. Warren’s Raid to Weldon Railroad December 7-12. Dabney’s Mills, Hatcher’s Run, February 5-7, 1865. Ordered to New York February 10. Assigned to duty at Hart’s Island, New York Harbor, guarding prison camp, and escorting recruits and convalescents to the front until June. Mustered out June 12, 1865. Regiment lost during service 8 Officers and 143 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 2 Officers and 150 Enlisted men by disease. Total 303.

About the Main Monument

When was it dedicated? Oct. 3, 1889.

What is it made out of? Sculpture: granite; Spheres: black Addison granite; Base: granite.

What size is it? Sculpture: approx. H. 13 ft. 3 in.; Base: approx. 2 x 6 x 6 ft.

Who made it? Unknown, sculptor.

What does it depict? Tapered, rectangular shaft stands on a hammer-finished, ogee base. The shaft has an apexed top and is castellated at the corners. Atop the apex and each corner are polished spheres. There is a bust in relief of a uniformed artilleryman on the front face. The bust is set in a concave surface in the die. Overall height is 13.3 foot. There is an inscription and portrait on the south side. The flanking markers are 1.6×1 foot.

What does it honor? Monument indicates the position held by the 2nd Maine Battery on the late morning and afternoon of July 1, 1863 when it engaged Confederate artillery.

How is it inscribed? HALL’S/2ND MAINE/BATTERY/1ST BRIG./2ND DIV./1ST CORPS/JULY 1, 1863 (On right side:) CASUALTIES/2 MEN KILLED/18 [MEN] WOUNDED

When was this photograph taken? June 6, 2010.

Where is it located? Located Gettysburg National Military Park, North side of Chambersburg Pike, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325.

Is this monument located along the NPS Auto Tour route? No.

Has this monument been moved or changed? This monument has not been changed or moved.

Monument Details, Alternative Views, and Contextual Views

At Gettysburg

The 2nd Maine Artillery, Battery B was also known as Hall’s Battery. During the battle of Gettysburg, it served as a member of Wainwright’s Brigade of the First Corps, Army of the Potomac.

Commander: Capt. James A. Hall (1835-1893). Merchant from Darmariscotta.

Number Engaged: 6 Ordnance Rifles and 127 men

Casualties: 18 wounded

After Action Report: After Action Report of Capt. James A. Hall (will open a pop up window).

General Information

Raised: Knox County and at-large.

Regimental History ~ Dyer’s Compendium of the War of the Rebellion:

Organized at Augusta and mustered in November 20, 1861. Duty at Augusta until March 10, 1862, and at Fort Preble, Portland, Me., until April 2. Ordered to Washington, D.C., April 2, and camp at Capital Hill until April 20. Attached to 2nd Brigade, 2nd Division (McDowell’s), Dept. of the Rappahannock, to June, 1862. Artillery, 2nd Division, 3rd Army Corps. Army of Virginia, to September. 1862. Artillery, 2nd Division, 1st Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, to June, 1863. Artillery Brigade, 1st Army Corps, to November, 1863. Camp Barry, Defences of Washington, D.C., 22nd Army Corps, to April, 1864. Artillery, 1st Division, 9th Army Corps, Army Potomac, to July, 1864. Artillery Brigade, 9th Army Corps, to August, 1864. Artillery Reserve, Army Potomac, to May, 1865.

SERVICE—Moved to Potomac Creek, Va., thence to Belie Plains April 20-27, 1862. Moved to Falmouth May 9, thence to Manassas and Front Royal May 25-30. Moved to Manassas June 16, to Warrenton July 5, to Waterloo July 9, thence to Culpeper C. H. August 5. Battle of Cedar Mountain August 9, Pope’s Campaign in Northern Virginia August 16-September 2. Fords of the Rappahannock August 21-23. Plains of Manassas August 25-27. Thoroughfare Gap August 28. Battle of Groveton August 29. Bull Run August 30. Centreville September 1. Duty in the Defences of Washington September 11-October 13. Operations in Maryland and Virginia October 13-November 23. Camp at Brooks Station November 23-December 9. Battle of Fredericksburg December 12-15. “Mud March” January 20-24, 1863. Camp near Fletcher’s Chapel until April 28. Chancellorsville Campaign April 28-May 8. Operations at Fitzhugh’s Crossing April 29-May 2. Battle of Chancellorsville May 2-5. Battle of Gettysburg, Pa., July 1-3. At Norman’s Ford August 2-September 16. Moved to Culpeper, thence to the Rapidan River. Ordered to Camp Barry, Washington, D.C., November 5, and duty there until April 25, 1864. Joined 9th Army Corps April 25. Rapidan Campaign May 3-June 15. Battles of the Wilderness May 5-7. Spottsylvania May 8-12. Ny River May 10. Spottsylvania C. H. May 12-21. North Anna River May 23-26. On line of the Pamunkey River May 26-28. Totopotomoy May 28-31. Cold Harbor June 1-12. Bethesda Church June 1-3. Before Petersburg June 15-September 17, 1864. Mine Explosion, Petersburg, July 30. Moved to City Point September 17, and duty in the defences at that point until May 3, 1865. Defence of City Point September 18, 1864, and April 2, 1865. Moved to Alexandria, Va., May 3, thence to Augusta May 31. Mustered out June 16, 1865. Battery lost during service 1 Officer and 4 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded, and 26 Enlisted men by disease. Total 31.

About the Main Monument

When was it dedicated? 1907-1908.

What is it made out of? Foundation: Concrete. Monument: Polished red Jonesboro Granite. Plaque: Bronze.

What size is it? 24 by 50 inches and 7 feet high.

Who made it? Van Amringe Granite Company

What does it depict? One of 45 monuments erected to units of the United States regular army on the battlefield. A red polished Jonesboro granite monolith that is set upon a concrete foundation with a descriptive 3’6′x3’7′ bronze tablet with the coat of arms of the United States in bronze.

What does it honor? Locates the position occupied by four guns of Calef’s Regular 2nd Artillery Battery A during Battle of Gettysburg, July 1, 1863.

How is it inscribed? Reads,

ARMY OF THE POTOMAC
CAVALRY CORPS
SECOND BRIGADE HORSE ARTILLERY
BATTERY A SECOND U. S. ARTILLERY
SIX 3 INCH RIFLES
Lieut. John H. Calef Commanding

June 30. Arrived in the evening from Emmitsburg and took position on the Chambersburg Pike.

July 1. Advanced with the First Division Cavalry Corps the right and left sections on the Chambersburg Pike. The centre section under Sergt. Chas. Percel posted here with the First Brigade First Division Cavalry Corps and assisted in repulsing an attack of the Confederate Infantry. This section having been withdrawn joined the Battery in the rear and again advanced with left section and relieved Battery B First Maine Artillery on Chambersburg Pike in the afternoon but was soon compelled by a front and enfilading fire to retire. Rejoined the Battery in position with the Cavalry on the left in front of Cemetery Ridge and remained during the night.

Casualties Wounded 12 Men

13 Horses Killed

When was this photograph taken? August 31, 2007. This monument faces west.

Where is it located? Located Gettysburg National Military Park, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325. Located on South side of Chambersburg Pike, just East of Stone Avenue.

Is this monument located along the NPS Auto Tour route? No. Access by making a left at intersection of Reynolds Avenue and Chambersburg Pike. Make left onto Stone/Meredith Avenue near Comfort Station. Continue on Meredith Avenue to intersection with Reynolds Avenue. Proceed with Auto Tour.

Has this monument been moved or changed? This monument is in its original location and has not been materially altered.

Monument Details, Alternative Views, and Contextual Views

At Gettysburg

The 2nd United States Artillery, Battery A was also known as Tidball’s Battery. During the battle of Gettysburg, it served as a member of Tidball’s Brigade in the Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac.

Commander: Lt. John H. Calef (1841-1912). USMA 1862. Born in Gloucester, Massachusetts.

Number Engaged: 80 men; 6 Ordnance Rifles

Casualties: 12 wounded

After Action Report: After Action Report of Lieut. John H. Calef (will open a pop up window).

General Information

Raised: It was enlisted from New York City and Hamilton County, Ohio. Originally organized in 1821, it was serving at Fort Pickens prior to being assigned to the Army of the Potomac.

Regimental History ~ Dyer’s Compendium of the War of the Rebellion:

At Washington, D.C., January, 1861. Expedition to relief of Fort Pickens, Fla., and return to Washington. Attached to Blenker’s Brigade, Miles’ Division, McDowell’s Army of Northeast Virginia, June to August, 1861. Heintzelman’s Brigade, Division of the Potomac, to October, 1861. Blenker’s Brigade, Division of the Potomac, to October, 1861. Artillery Reserve, Army of the Potomac, to May, 1862. 1st Brigade, Horse Artillery, Artillery Reserve, 5th Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, to September, 1862. Artillery, Cavalry Division, Army of the Potomac, to February, 1863. Artillery Reserve, attached to 2nd Division, Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac, to June, 1863. 2nd Brigade, Horse Artillery, attached to 2nd Division, Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac, to May, 1865. Dept. of Washington, 22nd Corps.

SERVICE.–Advance on Manassas, Va., July 16-21, 1861. Battle of Bull Run July 21. Duty in the Defenses of Washington, D.C., until March, 1862. Moved to the Virginia Peninsula. Siege of Yorktown April 5-May 4. Near Williamsburg May 4. Mechanicsville May 23-24. Seven days before Richmond June 25-July 1. Mechanicsville June 26. Gaines’ Mill June 27. Malvern Hill July 1. At Harrison’s Landing until August 16. Cog’s Point July 31-August 1. Moved to Fortress Monroe, thence to Alexandria August 16-24. Maryland Campaign September 6-22. Sugar Loaf Mountain September 11-12. Boonsborough September 15. Battle of Antietam September 16-17. Shepherdstown Ford September 19. Upperville and Bloomfield November 2-3. Snicker’s Gap November 3-4. Markham Station November 4. Amissville November 10. Battle of Fredericksburg, Va., December 12-15. Operations at Rappahannock Bridge and Grove Church February 5-7, 1863. Stoneman’s Raid April 29-May 8. Battle of Gettysburg July 1-3. Emmettsburg, Md., July 4. Williamsport and Hagerstown July 6. Boonsborough July 8. Old Antietam Forge July 10. Falling Waters July 14. Chester Gap July 21-22. Advance from the Rappahannock to the Rapidan September 13-17. Culpeper Court House September 13. Raccoon Ford September 14-16. Bristoe Campaign October 9-22. Groveton October 17-18. Gainesville and Buckland Mills October 19. Advance to line of the Rappahannock November 7-8. Mine Run Campaign November 26-December 2. New Hope Church November 27. Demonstration on the Rapidan February 6-7, 1864. Barnett’s Ford February 6-7. Rapidan Campaign May 4-June 12. Wilderness May 5-7. Spotsylvania Court House May 8-21. Cold Harbor June 1-7. Gaines’ Mill, Salem Church and Haw’s Shop June 2. Sheridan’s Trevillian Raid June 7-24. Trevillian Station June 11-12. Black Creek or Tunstall Station and White House or St. Peter’s Church June 21. St. Mary’s Church June 24. Siege operations against Petersburg and Richmond June 29, 1864, to April 2, 1865. Lee’s Mills July 12, 1864. Demonstration north ½ of the James River July 27-29. Deep Bottom July 27-28. Malvern Hill July 29. Lee’s Mills July 30. Demonstration north of the James August 13-20. Gravel Hill August 14. Deep Run August 16. Strawberry Plains August 16-18. Dinwiddie Road, near Ream’s Station, August 23. Ream’s Station August 23-25. Poplar Grove Church September 29-October 2. Arthur’s Swamp September 30-October 1. Boydton Plank Road October 27-28. Reconnaissance toward Stony Creek November 7. Stony Creek Station December 1. Warren’s Expedition to Weldon Railroad December 7-12. Dabney’s Mills, Hatcher’s Run, February 5-7, 1865. Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9. Dinwiddie Court House March 30-31. Five Forks April 1. Namozine Church April 3. Payne’s Cross Roads April 5. Amelia Springs April 5. Sailor’s Creek April 6. Appomattox Station April 8. Appomattox Court House April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. Expedition to Danville April 23-29. Moved to Washington, D.C. Grand Review May 23. Duty at Washington, D.C.

Brigadier General John Buford commanded the First Division of the Cavalry Corps at Gettysburg.

About the Main Monument

When was it dedicated? July 1, 1895.

What is it made out of? Sculpture: bronze; Base: granite.

What size is it? Sculpture: approx. H. 9 ft.; Upper base: 5 x 4 x 4 ft.; Lower base: 2 x 5 x 5 ft.

Who made it? Kelly, James Edward, 1855-1933, sculptor. Henry-Bonnard Bronze Company, founder.

What does it depict? A standing portrait of General Buford looking out to the west as he did in 1863 when three thousand cavalrymen of his division prepared to meet the advance of Robert E. Lee’s army. He holds a pair of binoculars in his raised proper right hand. The monument was funded by Jerome B. Wheeler. The Buford Memorial Association was formed in 1888 and during design discussions, John Calef, who had commanded a horse artillery battery under General Buford, suggested that the design incorporate four ordnance rifles that were in the battery. One of the ordnance rifles was number 233, the rifle that fired the first Union artillery shot of the battle under Buford’s direction. The Army Chief of Ordnance located the rifle tubes and donated them to the monument committee. At the dedication ceremony, Major Calef symbolically spiked the four rifle tubes. Overall height is 15.6 foot.

When was this photograph taken? February 8, 2009.

Where is it located? Located Gettysburg National Military Park, On McPherson Farm, near U.S. 30, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325. Located on the McPherson farm on the north side of the Chambersburg Pike.

Is this monument located along the NPS Auto Tour route? No.

Has this monument been moved or changed? This monument has not been moved or materially altered.

Monument Details, Alternative Views, and Contextual Views

At Gettysburg

Commanded: First Division of the Army of the Potomac’s Cavalry Corps.

General Information

Brief Biography: John Buford, Jr. (March 4, 1826 – December 16, 1863) was a Union cavalry officer during the American Civil War, with a prominent role at the start of the Battle of Gettysburg. Professional soldier, USMA 1848. Buford died just six months after the battle from Typhoid Fever. The bronze statue to cavalry division commander John Buford is located near the Reynolds equestrian on the Chambersburg Pike. This seems especially appropriate because Reynolds and Buford worked closely together to choose this ground as the battlefield.