The 1st Brigade was also known as Farnsworth’s Brigade. During the battle of Gettysburg, it served as a member of Kilpatrick’s Division in the Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac.

About the Main Monument

When was it dedicated? Erected circa 1912.

What is it made out of? Foundation: Concrete. Monument: Polished smooth sea-green granite. Plaque: Bronze.

What size is it? 36′ by 36′ base. Weight: 300 Pounds. Height 5’4″. Tablet measures 4 feet by 3 feet 8 inches.

Who made it? Albert Russell & Sons Co. of Newburyport, Massachusetts. Erected by the United States War Department.

What does it depict? Monolith consisting of polished smooth sea-green granite pedestal with a square base. Base tapers to a smaller dimension at the tablet. On each pedestal is mounted a bronze inscription tablet describing the movements and actions of the unit.

What does it honor? One of 74 Union brigade monuments erected at Gettysburg by the United States War Department to describe the movements and itinerary of each Union brigade of the Army of the Potomac. The monuments were designed by E.B. Cope. Many of the inscription tablets were made of bronze melted down from Civil War cannons.

How is it inscribed? The monument reads,

ARMY OF THE POTOMAC
CAVALRY CORPS THIRD DIVISION
FIRST BRIGADE
Brig. Gen. Elon J. Farnsworth
Col. Nathaniel R Richmond
5th New York 18th Pennsylvania
1st Vermont 1st (10 Cos.) West Virginia Cavalry

June 30. Arrived at Hanover about noon and was attacked by Major Gen. Stuart’s Cavalry and Horse Artillery which first encountered the 18th Penna. in the rear of the column. Later the Brigade was engaged and Major Gen. Stuart having been repulsed from the town retired with the loss of a battleflag and over 70 men.

July 1 & 2. Not engaged.

July 3. Moved to the left to attack the Confederate right and rear arriving about 1 P. M. and engaged with Confederate skirmishers being supported at 3 P. M. by the Reserve Cavalry Brigade on the left. At 5.30 P. M. the 18th Pa. 1st Vt. and 1st West Virginia charged the Confederate left through the woods and among stone fences held by superior forces of Infantry and Artillery but were repulsed with heavy loss including Brig. Gen. Farnsworth killed.

Casualties Killed 3 Officers 18 Men Wounded 6 Officers 28 Men Captured or Missing 1 Officer 42 Men Total 98

When was this photograph taken? August 29, 2011.

Where is it located? Located Gettysburg National Military Park, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325. Located on South side of South Confederate Avenue, near Bushman Hill.

Is this monument located along the NPS Auto Tour route? Yes.

Has this monument been moved or changed? This monument has not been moved or materially altered.

Monument Details, Alternative Views, and Contextual Views

At Gettysburg

Commander: Brig. Gen. Elon John Farnsworth (July 30, 1837 – July 3, 1863) was a Union Army cavalry general in the American Civil War, killed at the Battle of Gettysburg. More about this officer.

After Action Report: After Action Report of Col. Nathaniel P. Richmond (will open a pop up window).

About the Main Monument

When was it dedicated? Sept. 11, 1889.

What is it made out of? Sculpture: Blue Westerly granite with bronze tablet; Base: granite.

What size is it? Sept. 11, 1889.

Who made it? Smith Granite Company, fabricator.

What does it depict? Monument that has two flanking markers. Monument is roughly rectangular in shape with rough-hewn edges and a pointed top. On the front face is a relief of a horse’s head within an upturned horseshoe. A State Seal relief is affixed to the front, below the horse. The inscription on the reverse is on a polished surface. Above the inscription is an oval Cavalry emblem of crossed swords.

What does it honor? It indicates the approximate position from which the 18th Pennsylvania Cavalry launched its charge on Confederate positions on the afternoon of July 3, 1863.

How is it inscribed? THE REGIMENT PARTICIPATED IN THE CAVALRY FIGHTS/AT HANOVER JUNE 30TH AND HUNTERSTOWN JULY 2D/1863./ON JULY 3D OCCUPIED THIS POSITION, AND IN/THE AFTERNOON CHARGED WITH THE BRIGADE UPON THE/ENEMY’S INFANTRY BEHIND THE STONE WALL TO THE NORTH/OF THIS POINT ON THE OUTER EDGE OF THE WOODS./PRESENT AT GETTYSBURG 599 OFFICERS AND MEN./KILLED 2 MEN, WOUNDED 4 MEN,/CAPTURED OR MISSING 8 MEN./MUSTERED IN AUGUST, DECEMBER 1862./CONSOLIDATED/WITH THE 22D PENNSYLVANIA CAVALRY, JULY 24TH 1865./FORMING THE 3D PROVISIONAL PENNSYLVANIA CAVALRY,/WHICH WAS MUSTERED OUT OCTOBER 31ST 1865./PARTICIPATED WITH THE ARMIES OF THE POTOMAC AND/SHENANDOAH IN 51 BATTLES, AND OUT OF A TOTAL/ENROLLMENT OF 2020, LOST IN KILLED, DIED, WOUNDED/AND PRISONERS 668, OF WHOM 131 DIED IN THE/HANDS OF THE ENEMY WHILE PRISONERS OF WAR.

When was this photograph taken? December 8, 2011.

Where is it located? Located Gettysburg National Military Park, Bushman’s Woods, south of Confederate Avenue, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325.

Is this monument located along the NPS Auto Tour route? No.

Has this monument been moved or changed? This monument has not been changed or moved. An incident of vandalism occurred on the horse’s ear in October 1992.

Monument Details, Alternative Views, and Contextual Views

At Gettysburg

The 18th Pennsylvania Cavalry served as a member of Farnsworth’s Brigade in Kilpatrick’s Division of the Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac.

Commander: Lt. Col. William P. Brinton (b.1832). Native of Lancaster County. Post-War he went to Argentina as a school teacher. In 1881, he entered the Argentina interior and never returned.

Number Engaged: 599

Casualties: 2 killed, 8 wounded, 4 missing

Soldiers Buried in the Pennsylvania Plot of the Gettysburg National Cemetery:

• Pvt. William Crawford, Company C, E-12
• Pvt. Jacob Harvey, Company M, E-11
• Pvt. David W. Winans, Company D, E-10

After Action Report: After Action Report of Maj. William B. Darlington (will open a pop up window).

General Information

Raised: Philadelphia and the counties of Allegheny, Cambria, Crawford, Dauphin, Greene, Lycoming, and Washington

Regimental History ~ Dyer’s Compendium of the War of the Rebellion:

Organized at Pittsburgh and Harrisburg October to December, 1862. Left State for Washington, D.C., December 8, 1862. Attached to Wyndham’s Cavalry Brigade, Defenses of Washington, to February, 1863. Price’s Independent Cavalry Brigade, 22nd Corps, Dept. of Washington, to April, 1863. 3rd Brigade, Stahel’s Cavalry Division, 22nd Corps, to June, 1863. 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, Cavalry Corps, Army Potomac, to August, 1864, and Army Shenandoah to February, 1865. Cavalry Brigade, Army Shenandoah, to June, 1865.

SERVICE.–Duty at Bladensburg and Germantown and in the Defenses of Washington until June, 1863. Skirmishes at Chantilly, Va., February 10 and 26, 1863. Scout from Centreville to Falmouth, Va., February 27-28. Left Fairfax C. H. with Stahel’s Division to join Army Potomac, June 25, 1863. Hanover, Pa., June 30. Battle of Gettysburg, Pa., July 1-3. Hunterstown July 2. Monterey Gap July 4. Smithburg, Md., July 5. Williamsport July 6. Hagerstown July 6. Boonsboro July 8. Hagerstown July 11-13. Falling Water July 14. Battle Mountain near Newby’s Cross Roads July 24. Expedition to Port Conway September 1-3. Lamb’s Creek September 1. Advance to the Rapidan September 13-17. Culpeper C. H. and Brandy Station September 13. Rapidan Station September 13-14. Reconnaissance across the Rapidan September 21-23. Bristoe Campaign October 9-22. James City and Bethesda Church October 10. Near Culpeper October 11. Near Warrenton and Brandy Station October 11. Gainesville October 14. Groveton October 17-18. Gainesville, New Baltimore, Buckland’s Mills and Haymarket October 19. Advance to line of the Rappahannock November 7-8. (Cos. “B,” “H” at Headquarters, 5th Corps, and at Rappahannock Station November 7. Rejoined Regiment November 19.) Germania Ford November 18. Mine Run Campaign November 26-December 2. Morton’s Ford November 26. Near Ely’s Ford January 13, 1864. Demonstration on the Rapidan February 6-7. Kilpatrick’s Raid on Richmond February 28-March 4. Fortifications of Richmond March 1. Rapidan Campaign May-June. Wilderness May 5-7. Craig’s Meeting House May 5. Todd’s Tavern May 5-6. Alsop’s Farm May 8. Sheridan’s Raid to James River May 9-24. North Anna River May 9-10. Ground Squirrel Church and Yellow Tavern May 11. Brook’s Church or Richmond fortifications May 12. Strawberry Hills May 12. Line of the Pamunkey May 26-28. Demonstration on Little River May 27. Totopotomoy May 28-31. Hanover C. H. May 30. Mechump’s Creek May 31. Cold Harbor May 31-June 1. Totopotomoy and Gaines’ Mill June 2. Salem Church and Haw’s Shop June 2. Haw’s Shop June 3. Old Church June 10. Bethesda Church June 11. Long Bridge June 12. Smith’s Store near St. Mary’s Church June 15. Siege of Petersburg June to August. Jerusalem Plank Road June 22-23. (Co. “B” at Headquarters, 6th Corps, June 25-July 16.) White Oak Swamp July 14. Sheridan’s Shenandoah Valley Campaign August 7-November 28. Winchester August 15 and 17. Near Charlestown August 21-22. Limestone Ridge September 1. Abraham’s Creek near Winchester September 13. Battle of Opequan, Winchester, September 19. Near Cedarville September 20. Front Royal September 21. Milford September 22. Waynesboro September 29. Near Brock’s Gap October 6. Tom’s Brook October 8-9. Cedar Creek October 13. Battle of Cedar Creek October 19. Cedar Creek November 11. Newtown or Middletown November 12. Rude’s Hill near Mt. Jackson November 22. Expedition to Lacy Springs December 19-22. Duty at and near Winchester until May, 1865. Scout to Edenburg March 17-19. At Cumberland, Md., to June. Consolidated with 22nd Pennsylvania Cavalry June 24, 1865, to form 3rd Provisional Cavalry. Regiment lost during service 5 Officers and 55 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 2 Officers and 232 Enlisted men by disease. Total 294.

About the Main Monument

When was it dedicated? 1889.

What is it made out of? Memorial: Quincy granite with bronze adornment.

What size is it? Memorial: approx. H. 20 ft. x 6 in.; Base: approx. W. 7 ft. 3 in. x 7 ft. 3 in.

Who made it? Frederick & Field, fabricator.

What does it depict? Monument comprised of a granite cylindrical shaft with partial fluting and a conical top, set atop a granite stepped base with bronze tablets. Flanking markers are flat topped, one foot square.

What does it honor? The memorial was dedicated on July 2, 1889 and is located where four companies of sharpshooters reconnoitered on the afternoon of July 2, 1863, running into skirmishes from the Confederate units.

How is it inscribed? THIS MONUMENT IS DEDICATED TO/THE BRAVE MEN/OF THIS COMMAND/WHO FELL AT/GETTYSBURG DESIGNATED SPOT WHERE 100 SHARPSHOOTERS RECONNOITERED ON JULY 2, THEN MOVED TO CEMETERY RIDGE ON JULY 3. AND THE PEACH ORCHARD ON THE 4TH

When was this photograph taken? November 15, 2011. Monument faces north.

Where is it located? Located Gettysburg National Military Park, South side of Berdan Avenue in Pitzer’s Woods, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325.

Is this monument located along the NPS Auto Tour route? No.

Has this monument been moved or changed? This monument has not been changed or moved.

Monument Details, Alternative Views, and Contextual Views

At Gettysburg

The 1st United States Sharpshooters, Companies A, B, D, and H (New York) served as a member of Ward’s Brigade in Birney’s Division of the Third Corps, Army of the Potomac. A Fighting 300 Regiment

Commander: Col. Hiram Berdan (1824-1893).

Number Engaged: 371

Casualties: 6 killed, 37 wounded, 6 missing

Officers Killed at Gettysburg:

• Captain Charles D. McLean, Company D, mortally wounded and captured on July 2, from New York

After Action Report: After Action Report of the 1st and 2nd Sharpshooter Regiments (will open a pop up window).

General Information

Raised: New York.

Regimental History ~ Dyer’s Compendium of the War of the Rebellion:

Companies “A,” “D” and “H” organized at New York City, and Company “B” at Albany, N.Y. Mustered in at Washington, D.C., November 29, 1861. (See 1st United States Sharpshooters for service.) Company “A” mustered out August 19, 1864. Company “D” mustered out August 28, 1864. Veterans and Recruits to Companies “I” and “K” November 22, 1864. Veterans of Company “H” to Company “D” September 16, 1864. Mustered in November 29, 1861. Served Unattached, Army of the Potomac, and Martindale’s Brigade, Fitz John Porter’s Division, Army of the Potomac, to March, 1862. Unassigned, 1st Division, 3rd Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, to May, 1862. 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, 5th Army Corps, to March, 1863. 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division, 3rd Army Corps, to June, 1863. 2nd Brigade, 1st Division, 3rd Army Corps, to September, 1863. 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, 3rd Army Corps, to March, 1864. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, 2nd Army Corps, to December, 1864.

SERVICE.–Duty in the Defenses of Washington, D. C., until March, 1862. Moved to Fortress Monroe, Va., March 22. Advance on Yorktown April 1-5. Great Bethel and Howard’s Bridge April 4. Warwick Road April 5. Siege of Yorktown April 5-May 4. Battle of Williamsburg May 5. Battle of Hanover Court House May 27. Operations about Hanover Court House April 27-29. Seven days before Richmond June 25-July 1. Battles of Mechanicsville June 26. Gaines’ Mill June 27. Peach Orchard and Savage Station June 29. Turkey Bridge, White Oak Swamp, June 30. Malvern Hill July 1. Duty at Harrison’s Landing until August 15. Movement to Centreville August 15-28. Pope’s Campaign in Northern Virginia August 28-September 2. Battles of Groveton August 29; Bull Run August 30. Maryland Campaign September 6-22. Battle of South Mountain September 14. Battle of Antietam September 16-17. Sharpsburg, Shepherdstown Ford, September 19. Movement to Falmouth October 29-November 17. Battle of Fredericksburg, Va., December 12-15. Expedition from Potomac Creek to Richard’s and Ellis’ Fords, Rappahannock River, December 29-30. “Mud March” January 20-24, 1863. At Falmouth until April. Chancellorsville Campaign April 27-May 6. Battle of Chancellorsville May 1-5. Gettysburg (Pa.) Campaign June 11-July 24. Battle of Gettysburg, Pa., July 1-3. Pursuit of Lee to Manassas Gap, Va., July 5-24. Wapping Heights, Va., July 23. Bristoe Campaign October 9-22. Auburn and Bristoe October 14. Advance to line of the Rappahannock November 7-8. Kelly’s Ford November 7. Mine Run Campaign November 26-December 2. Payne’s Farm November 27. Demonstration on the Rapidan February 6-7, 1864. Campaign from the Rapidan to the James River May 4-June 15. Battles of the Wilderness May 5-7; Laurel Hill May 8; Spotsylvania May 8-12; Po River May 10; Spotsylvania Court House May 12-21. Assault on the Salient, “Bloody Angle,” May 12. Harris Farm, Fredericksburg Road, May 19. North Anna River May 23-26. On line of the Pamunkey May 26-28. Totopotomoy May 28-31. Hanovertown May 30-31. Cold Harbor June 1-12. Before Petersburg June 16-19. Siege of Petersburg June 16 to December 31, 1864. Jerusalem Plank Road, Weldon Railroad, June 22-23. Demonstration north of the James July 27-29. Deep Bottom July 28-29. Demonstration north of the James at Deep Bottom August 13-20. Strawberry Plains August 14-18. Poplar Springs Church, Peeble’s Farm, September 29-October 2. Boydton Plank Road, Hatcher’s Run, October 27-28. Expedition to Weldon Railroad December 7-12. Company “A” mustered out August 19, Company “D” mustered out August 28, 1864. Veterans and Recruits assigned to Companies “I” and “K.” Veterans of Company “H” to Company “D” September 15. Regiment consolidated with 2nd Regiment Sharpshooters December 31, 1864. Regiment lost during service 10 Officers and 143 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 1 Officer and 128 Enlisted men by disease. Total 282.

About the Main Monument

When was it dedicated? Oct. 1889.

What is it made out of? Monument: granite; Base: granite.

What size is it? Monument: approx. 8 ft. x 5 ft. 7 1/2 in. x 4 ft. 2 in.; Base: approx. 19 in. x 6 ft. 11 1/2 in. x 5 ft. 6 in.

Who made it? Wells, Lamson & Co., fabricator.

What does it depict? Granite monument comprised of a rectangular block of stone, with overhanging cap, military insignia at top front; and text inscription. The monument is set atop a tiered base. Overall height is eight foot. An inscription is cut into the shaft on the north and south faces. Cavalry insignia encircles the top.

What does it honor? The monument commemorates the services of the 1st Vermont Cavalry in Farnsworth’s ill-fated charge on July 3, 1863, following Longstreet’s Assault. Farnsworth reportedly fell about 75 yards southwest of the monument, in this charge against the Confederate right flank.

When was this photograph taken? August 31, 2007.

Where is it located? Located Gettysburg National Military Park, North of South Confederate Avenue on John Snyder farm, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325.

Is this monument located along the NPS Auto Tour route? No.

Has this monument been moved or changed? This monument has not been moved or materially altered.

Monument Details, Alternative Views, and Contextual Views

At Gettysburg

The 1st Vermont Cavalry served as a member of Farnsworth’s Brigade in Kilpatrick’s Division of the Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac. A Fighting 300 Regiment.

Commander: Lt. Col. Addison W. Preston (1830-1864). Farmer from Danville. Wounded September 20, 1862. Killed at battle of Haw’s Shop, Virginia.

Number Engaged: 687

Casualties: 13 killed, 25 wounded, 27 missing

Soldiers Buried in the Vermont Plot of the Gettysburg National Cemetery:

• Musician Charles Cowley, Company H, B-20
• Pvt. Joel J. Smith, Company C, B-21
• Cpl. Ira E. Sperry, Company L, A-26
• Pvt. Rufus D. Thompson, Company L, B-19
• Wagoner Henry M. Worthen, Company H, A-18

After Action Report: After Action Report of Lieut. Col. Addison W. Preston (will open a pop up window).

Medal of Honor Winners: WELLS, WILLIAM. Rank and organization: Major, 1st Vermont Cavalry. Place and date: At Gettysburg, Pa., 3 July 1863. Entered service at: Waterbury, Vt. Born: 14 December 1837, Waterbury, Vt. Date of issue: 8 September 1891. Citation: Led the second battalion of his regiment in a daring charge.

General Information

Raised: Chittenden, Addison, Bennington, Franklin, Lamoille, Orleans, Rutland, Washington, and Windham counties.

Regimental History ~ Dyer’s Compendium of the War of the Rebellion:

Organized at Burlington and mustered in November 19, 1861. Left State for Washington, D.C., December 14; thence moved to Annapolis, Md., December 25, and duty there until March, 1862. Attached to Banks’ Division, Army of the Potomac, December, 1861, to March, 1862. Hatch’s Cavalry Brigade, Banks’ 5th Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, and Dept. of the Shenandoah to June, 1862. Cavalry Brigade, 2nd Army Corps, Army of Virginia, to September, 1862. Price’s Cavalry Brigade, Defenses of Washington, and 22nd Army Corps to April, 1863. 3rd Brigade, Stahel’s Cavalry Division, 22nd Army Corps, to June, 1863. 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac, to August, 1863. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac, to August, 1864, and Army of the Shenandoah, Middle Military Division, to June, 1865.

SERVICE.–Moved to Washington, D. C., March 9-10, 1862; thence to Rockville, Md., and Edward’s Ferry March 12-13. Moved to Harper’s Ferry, W. Va., March 28; thence to Middletown April 1. Advance up the Valley April 16. Mt. Jackson April 17. McGaheysville April 27 (Cos. “A,” “D” and “K”). Somerville Heights May 7 (Co. “B”). Operations in Shenandoah Valley May 15-June 17. Middletown May 24. Winchester May 25. Retreat to Williamsport May 25-26. Near Winchester June 18-19. Reconnaissance from Front Royal to Luray June 29-30. Luray Court House June 30. Culpeper Court House July 12. Gordonsville July 17. Orange Court House August 2 and 13. Pope’s Campaign in Northern Virginia August 16-September 2. Fords of the Rappahannock August 21-23. Kelly’s Ford August 21. Liberty Bridge September 1. Aquia Creek September 5. Conrad’s Ferry September 15. Orange Court House September 21. Ashby’s Gap September 22. Duty in the Defenses of Washington until March, 1863. Warrenton November 8, 1862. Annandale December 28. Fairfax Court House January 9. Dranesville February 6, 9, 13 and 14. Goose Creek February 16. Leesburg February 19. Aldie March 2. Herndon Station March 17. Broad Run, Dranesville, April 1. Warrenton May 11, 23 and 31. Near Greenwich May 30. Littleton and Hanover, Pa., June 30. Hunterstown July 2. Gettysburg, Pa., July 3. Monterey Gap July 4. Smithburg, Md., July 5. Hagerstown July 6. Boonsboro July 8. Hagerstown July 11-13. Falling Water July 14. King George Court House August 25. Lamb’s Creek Church September 1. Expedition to Port Conway September 1-3. Advance from the Rappahannock to the Rapidan September 13-17. Culpeper Court House September 13. Somerville Ford September 14. Reconnaissance across the Rapidan September 21-23. Richard’s Ford September 26. Bristoe Campaign October 9-22. James City October 10. Bethesda Church October 10. Brandy Station and near Culpeper October 11. Gainesville October 14 and 19. Groveton October 17-18. Catlett’s Station and Buckland’s Mills October 19. Falmouth November 4. Advance to the Rappahannock November 7-8. Mine Run Campaign November 26-December 2. Morton’s Ford November 26. Raccoon Ford November 26-27. Demonstration on the Rapidan February 6-7, 1864. Kilpatrick’s Raid on Richmond February 28-March 4. Fortifications of Richmond and near Atlee’s March 1. Old Church March 2. Campaign from the Rapidan to the James May-June. Near Chancellorsville May 4. Craig’s Meeting House May 5. Wilderness May 5-7 (Co. “M”). Todd’s Tavern May 5-6 and May 7-8. Alsop’s Farm, Spotsylvania, May 8. Sheridan’s Raid from Todd’s Tavern to James River May 9-24. North Anna River May 9. Ground Squirrel Church and Yellow Tavern May 11. Brook Church or Richmond Fortifications May 12. Line of the Pamunkey May 26-28. Demonstration on Little River May 27. Salem Church May 27. On line of the Totopotomoy May 28-31. Ashland May 30. Mechump’s Creek May 31. Cold Harbor May 31-June 1. Ashland June 1. Gaines’ Mill June 2. Totopotomoy June 2. Haw’s Shop June 3. Sumner’s Upper Bridge June 3. Salem Church June 4. White Oak Swamp June 12. Riddell’s Shop June 13. Malvern Hill June 15. Wilson’s Raid on South Side & Danville Railroad June 22-30. Ream’s Station June 22. Near Nottaway Court House June 23. Black and White Station June 23. Staunton Bridge or Roanoke Station June 25. Sappony Church or Stony Creek June 28-29. Ream’s Station June 29. Siege of Petersburg until August. Sheridan’s Shenandoah Valley Campaign August 7-November 28. Winchester August 17. Kearneysville August 25. Near Brucetown and Winchester September 7. Battle of Opequan September 20. Near Cedarville September 20. Front Royal September 21. Milford September 22. Fisher’s Hill September 22. Waynesboro September 29. Columbia Furnace and Back Road, near Strasburg, October 7. Tom’s Brook, “Woodstock Races,” October 8-9. Mount Olive October 9. Battle of Cedar Creek October 19. Near Kernstown November 10. Newtown and Cedar Creek November 12. Rude’s Hill, near Mt. Jackson, November 22. Expedition to Lacy Springs December 19-22. Lacy Springs December 21. Sheridan’s Raid February 27-March 25, 1865. Waynesboro March 2. Occupation of Staunton March 2. Occupation of Charlottesville March 3. Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9. Dinwiddie Court House March 30-31. Five Forks April 1. Scott’s Corners April 2. Namozine Church April 3. Sailor’s Creek April 6. Appomattox Station April 8. Appomattox Court House April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. Expedition to Danville April 24-29. March to Washington, D.C., May 10-15. Grand Review May 23. Frontier duty at Champlain, N.Y., June to August. Non-Veterans mustered out November 18. 1864. Regiment mustered out August 9, 1865. (Co. “L” was organized at St. Albans September 29, 1862, and Co. “M” at Burlington December 30, 1862.) Regiment lost during service 10 Officers and 124 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 4 Officers and 200 Enlisted men by disease. Total 438.

About the Main Monument

When was it dedicated? Erected between 1907 and 1908.

What is it made out of? Foundation: Concrete. Monument: Polished red Jonesboro Granite. Plaque: Bronze.

What size is it? 24 by 50 inches and 7 feet high.

Who made it? Van Armitage Granite Company

What does it depict? One of 45 monuments erected to units of the United States regular army on the battlefield. A red polished Jonesboro granite monolith that is set upon a concrete foundation with a descriptive 3’6′x3’7′ bronze tablet with the coat of arms of the United States in bronze.

What does it honor? Locates positions occupied by Regular 4th Artillery Battery E during Battle of Gettysburg, July 3, 1863.

How is it inscribed? This monument reads,

ARMY OF THE POTOMAC
CAVALRY CORPS
FIRST BRIGADE HORSE ARTILLERY
BATTERY E FOURTH U. S. ARTILLERY
Four 3 Inch Rifles
Lieut. Samuel S. Elder Commanding

July 3. Arrived on the field and took position on a hill southwest of Round Top and engaged under Brig. General E. J. Fransworth in the afternoon against the Confederate right.

Casualties Killed 1 Man

When was this photograph taken? December 8, 2011.

Where is it located? Located Gettysburg National Military Park, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325. Located in woods South of South Confederate Avenue at Bushman Hill, from whence its guns fired on South Cavalry Field.

Is this monument located along the NPS Auto Tour route? No.

Has this monument been moved or changed? This monument has not been moved or materially altered.

At Gettysburg

The 4th United States Artillery, Battery E was also known as Clark’s Battery. During the battle of Gettysburg, it served as a member of Robertson’s Brigade in the Pleasanton’s Corps, Army of the Potomac.

Commander: Lt. Samuel S. Elder (1830-1885). Teacher in Harrisburg. Stayed in post-war army, dying at rank of major.

Number Engaged: 4 Ordnance Rifles, 64 men

Casualties: 1 killed

General Information

Raised: The original unit was recruited in 1821; the men mainly came from New York City and St. Louis, Missouri. When Fort Sumter was fired upon, this battery was located at Fort Randall in the Nebraska Territory.

Regimental History ~ Dyer’s Compendium of the War of the Rebellion:

Organized at Camp Monroe, Ohio, and Joined Rosecrans in West Virginia. Attached to 2nd Brigade, Army of Occupation, West Virginia, to September, 1861. Scammon’s Brigade, Dept. of West Virginia, to October, 1861. Kelly’s Command, Railroad District, West Virginia, to January, 1862. Artillery, Lander’s Division, Army of the Potomac, to March, 1862. Artillery, Shields’ 2nd Division, Banks’ 5th Army Corps, to April, 1862. Artillery, Shields’ Division, Dept. of the Shenandoah, to May, 1862, and Dept. of the Rappahannock to June, 1862. Unattached Artillery, 3rd Corps, Army of Virginia, to September, 1862. Artillery, 2nd Division, 9th Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, to February, 1863. Reserve Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division, Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac, to May, 1863. 1st Brigade, Horse Artillery, Army of the Potomac, to August, 1864. Artillery, 1st Division, Cavalry Corps (Horse Artillery Reserve), Army of the Shenandoah, Middle Military Division, to March, 1865. Horse Artillery Reserve, attached to 3rd Division, Cavalry Corps, Army of the Shenandoah and Army of the Potomac, to May, 1865. Horse Artillery Brigade, 22nd Army Corps, to August, 1865.

SERVICE.–Duty in West Virginia until March, 1862. Advance on Winchester, Va., March 7-12. Battle of Winchester March 23. Occupation of Mt. Jackson April 17. March to Fredericksburg May 10-21, and return to Front Royal May 25-30. Battle of Port Republic June 8-9. Pope’s Campaign in Northern Virginia August 16-September 2. Fords of the Rappahannock August 20-23. Bristoe Station August 27. Maryland Campaign September 6-22. Battle of Antietam, Md., September 16-17. Reconnaissance to Charlestown October 16-17. Charlestown October 16. Movement to Falmouth, Va., October 30-November 19. Battle of Fredericksburg, Va., December 12-15. “Mud March” January 20-24, 1863. Operations at Welford’s, Kelly’s and Beverly Fords April 14-15. Chancellorsville Campaign April 27-May 6. Brandy Station and Beverly Ford June 9. Hanover, Pa., June 30, Battle of Gettysburg, Pa., July 1-3. Hunterstown, Pa., July 4. Boonsboro, Md., July 8. Hagerstown July 10-13. Falling Waters July 14. Expedition to Port Conway September 1-3. Advance from the Rappahannock to the Rapidan September 13-17. Culpeper Court House September 13. Bristoe Campaign October 9-22. James City, Bethesda Church and near Culpeper October 10. Brandy Station October 11. Gainesville October 14. Groveton October 17-18. Gainesville, New Baltimore, Buckland’s Mills and Haymarket October 19. Advance to line of the Rappahannock November 7-8. Mine Run Campaign November 26-December 2. Rapidan Campaign May 4-June 12, 1864. Craig’s Meeting House May 5. Todd’s Tavern May 5-6. Wilderness May 6-7. Sheridan’s Raid to the James River May 9-24. North Anna River May 9. Ground Squirrel Church and Yellow Tavern May 11. Brook Church and fortifications of Richmond May 12. Strawberry Hill May 12. On line of the Pamunkey May 26-28. Totopotomoy May 28-31. Cold Harbor June 1-12. Totopotomoy June 2. Long Bridge June 12. Riddell’s Shop and White Oak Swamp June 13. Siege of Petersburg June 16-August 5. Ream’s Station June 22. Wilson’s Raid on Southside & Danville Railroad June 22-July 1. Nottaway Court House June 23. Staunton River Bridge June 25. Sappony Church, Stony Creek, June 28-29. Ream’s Station June 29. Sheridan’s Shenandoah Valley Campaign August 7-November 28. Expedition from Winchester into Faquier and Loudoun Counties November 28-December 3. Expedition to Gordonsville December 19-28. Liberty Mills December 22. Sheridan’s Raid from Winchester February 27-March 25, 1865. Occupation of Staunton and action at Waynesboro March 2. Duguidsville March 8. Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9. Dinwiddie Court House March 30-31. Five Forks April 1. Scott’s Cross Roads April 2. Tabernacle Church or Beaver Pond Creek April 4. Sailor’s Creek April 6. Appomattox Station April 8. Appomattox Court House April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. Expedition to Danville April 23-29. Moved to Washington, D.C., May. Grand Review May 23. Duty at Washington, D.C., until August.

About the Main Monument

When was it dedicated? Cast 1889. Dedicated Sept. 1890.

What is it made out of? Bronze.

What size is it? Overall: approx. H. 13 ft. 11 in.; Base: W. 4 ft. x D. 4 ft.

Who made it? Unknown, sculptor. Gorham Manufacturing Company, founder.

What does it depict? One of two Pennsylvania regimentals cast entirely of bronze (the other belongs to the 56th Pennsylvania). The monument cost $3,000.00. Atop a tall bronze base stands a bronze figure of a Civil War soldier walking with his rifle held in his proper right hand. Inscriptions in raised letters appear on panels around the sides of the bronze base. At the foot of the bronze base is a large stone boulder. Flanking markers are granite, flat topped, one foot square with inscription on the north faces.

What does it honor? It is located near the base of Big Round Top in the position taken by the 10th Pennsylvania Reserve at five o’clock on July 2, 1863.

When was this photograph taken? April 15, 2011.

Where is it located? Located at Gettysburg National Military Park, Intersection of Warren and Sykes Avenues, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325. Located on the west side of Sykes Avenue near the base of Big Round Top.

Is this monument located along the NPS Auto Tour route? Yes.

Has this monument been moved or changed? This monument has not been moved or materially altered.

Monument Details, Alternative Views, and Contextual Views

At Gettysburg

The 10th Pennsylvania Reserves was also known as 39th Infantry. During the battle of Gettysburg, it served as a member of Fisher’s Brigade in Crawford’s Division of the Fifth Corps, Army of the Potomac. A Fighting 300 Regiment.

Commander: Col. Adroniram J. Warner (1834-1910). Head of the Union School in Mercer. Wounded at Antietam. Post-war two term Congressman from Marietta, Ohio.

Number Engaged: 420

Casualties: 2 killed, 3 wounded

Soldiers Buried in the Pennsylvania Plot of the Gettysburg National Cemetery:

• Pvt. Isaac Eaton, Company B, C-74
• Pvt. Alonzo McCall, Company B, B-82

General Information

Raised: Beaver, Crawford, Clarion, Mercer, Washington, Warren, and Venango counties.

Regimental History ~ Dyer’s Compendium of the War of the Rebellion:

Organized at Camp Wilkins, near Pittsburg, June and July, 1861. Ordered to Harrisburg, Pa., July 18, and mustered in July 21, 1861. Moved to Baltimore, Md., July 22; thence to Washington, D.C., July 24. Attached to 3rd Brigade, McCall’s Pennsylvania Reserves Division, Army of the Potomac, to March, 1862. 3rd Brigade, 2nd Division, 1st Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, to April, 1862. 3rd Brigade, McCall’s Division, Dept. of the Rappahannock, to June, 1862. 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division, 5th Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, to August, 1862. 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division, 3rd Corps, Army of Virginia, to September, 1862. 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division, 1st Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, to February, 1863. 3rd Brigade, Pennsylvania Reserves Division, 22nd Corps, Dept. of Washington, to June, 1863. 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division, 5th Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, to June, 1864.

SERVICE.–At Tennallytown, Md., August 1 to October 10, 1861, and at Camp Pierpont, near Langley, Va., until March, 1862. Expedition to Gunnell’s Mills December 6, 1861. Action at Dranesville December 20. Advance on Manassas, Va., March 10-15, 1862. McDowell’s advance on Falmouth April 9-19. Duty at Fredericksburg until June. Moved to White House June 9-12. Seven days before Richmond June 25-July 1. Battles of Mechanicsville June 26; Gaines Mill June 27; Charles City Cross Roads and Glendale June 30; Malvern Hill July 1. At Harrison’s Landing until August 16. Movement to join Pope August 16-26. Battles of Gainesville August 28; Groveton August 29; Bull Run August 30. Maryland Campaign September 6-24. Battles of South Mountain, Md., September 14; Antietam September 16-17. Duty in Maryland until October 30. Movement to Falmouth, Va., October 30-November 19. Battle of Fredericksburg December 12-15. “Mud March” January 20-24, 1863. Ordered to Washington, D.C., February 6, and duty there and at Alexandria until June 25. Ordered to Join Army of the Potomac in the field. Battle of Gettysburg, Pa., July 1-3. Pursuit of Lee July 5-24. Bristoe Campaign October 9-22. Advance to line of the Rappahannock November 7-8. Rappahannock Station November 7. Mine Run Campaign November 26-December 2. Bristoe Station April 15, 1864 (Detachment). Rapidan Campaign May 4-31. Battles of the Wilderness May 5-7; Laurel Hill May 8; Spottsylvania May 8-12; Spottsylvania Court House May 12-21. Assault on the Salient May 12. Harris Farm May 19. North Anna River May 23-26. Jericho Ford May 25. On line of the Totopotomoy May 28-31. Left front May 31. Mustered out June 11, 1864. Regiment lost during service 7 Officers and 153 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 47 Enlisted men by disease. Total 207.

About the Main Monument

When was it dedicated? Oct. 1889.

What is it made out of? Memorial: granite; Base: granite.

What size is it? Memorial: approx. 11 ft. x 5 ft. 6in. x 2 ft. 10 in.

Who made it? Moynehan, F., sculptor.

What does it depict? Granite monolith with reliefs of Vermont State seal, crossed muskets, and a hornet’s nest on the front. The text inscription is set within a scrolled tablet on front of the monolith. The monolith sits atop a rough-hewn base. Overall height is ten foot. Sculptured relief of hornet’s nest, crossed muskets and Vermont seal is on the north face. Inscriptions are on the east and west faces.

What does it honor? The monument marks the position of the 2nd Sharpshooters on July 2, 1863, as they faced a marching column of Confederates in Hood’s Division.

How is it inscribed? COMPANIES E AND H/SECOND UNITED STATES/SHARPSHOOTERS;/SECOND BRIGADE/FIRST DIVISION, THIRD CORPS./ARRIVING ON THE FIELD JULY 1, AT G.P./JULY 2 MET THERE ON SET OF LONGSTRIGHT’S/CORPS NEAR THIS POINT AND HELPED TO CHECK ITS ADVANCE UPON ROUND TOP/JULY 3, REINFORCED THE FRONT LINES IN/THE REPULSE OF PICKETT’S ASSAULT./JULY 4, SKIRMISHES ALL DAY ALONG THE EMMITTSBURG ROAD

When was this photograph taken? June 15, 2012.

Where is it located? Located Gettysburg National Military Park, On south side of Granite Farm (Slyder Farm) lane, in garden area, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325. Located on the south side of Slyder Farm Lane in the garden area.

Is this monument located along the NPS Auto Tour route? No.

Has this monument been moved or changed? This monument has not been moved or materially altered.

Monument Details, Alternative Views, and Contextual Views

At Gettysburg

The 2nd United States Sharpshooters, Companies E and H was also known as The Vermont Sharpshooters. During the battle of Gettysburg, it served as a member of Ward’s Brigade in Birney’s Division of the Third Corps, Army of the Potomac. A Fighting 300 Regiment.

Commander: Maj. Homer R. Stoughton (1836-1902)

Number Engaged: 200

Casualties: 5 killed, 23 wounded, 15 missing

After Action Report: After Action Report of the 1st and 2nd Sharpshooter Regiments (will open a pop up window).

General Information

Raised: Vermont.

Regimental History ~ Dyer’s Compendium of the War of the Rebellion:

Organized by Companies as follows: Company “A” in Minnesota October 5, 1861; Company “B” in Michigan October 4, 1861; Company “C” in Pennsylvania October 4, 1861; Company “D” in Maine November 2, 1861; Company “E” in Vermont November 9, 1861; Company “F” in New Hampshire November 28, 1861; Company “G” in New Hampshire December 10, 1861; Company “H” in Vermont December 31, 1861. Companies moved to Washington, D.C., and duty in the Defenses of that city until April, 1862. Attached to Augur’s Brigade, King’s 1st Division, McDowell’s 1st Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, March to April, 1862. 1st Brigade, King’s Division, Dept. of the Rappahannock, to June, 1862. 1st Brigade, 1st Division, 3rd Army Corps, Army of Virginia, to September, 1862. 1st Brigade, 1st Division, 1st Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, to March, 1863. 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division, 3rd Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, to June, 1863. 2nd Brigade, 1st Division. 3rd Army Corps, to September, 1863. 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, 3rd Army Corps, to March, 1864. 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, 2nd Army Corps, to February, 1865.

SERVICE.–Moved to Bristoe Station, Va., April 5-6; thence to Falmouth, Va., April 15-19. Duty at Falmouth until May 25. McDowell’s advance on Richmond May 25-29. Operations against Jackson June 1-21. Duty at Falmouth until August. Blackburn’s Ford July 19. Reconnaissance to Orange Court House July 24-26. Pope’s Campaign in Northern Virginia August 16-September 2. Fords of the Rappahannock August 21-23. Sulphur Springs August 26. Battles of Groveton August 29; Bull Run August 30. Maryland Campaign September 6-22. Battles of South Mountain September 14; Antietam September 16-17. Camp near Sharpsburg until October 29. Movement to Falmouth, Va., October 29-November 17. Battle of Fredericksburg December 12-15. “Mud March” January 20-24, 1863. At Falmouth until April. Chancellorsville Campaign April 27-May 6. Battle of Chancellorsville May 1-5. Gettysburg (Pa.) Campaign June 11-July 24. Battle of Gettysburg, Pa., July 1-3. Pursuit of Lee July 5-24. Action at Wapping Heights, Va., July 23. Bristoe Campaign October 9-22. Auburn and Bristoe October 14. Advance to line of the Rappahannock November 7-8. Kelly’s Ford November 7. Brandy Station November 8. Mine Run Campaign November 26-December 2. Payne’s Farm November 27. Demonstration on the Rapidan February 6-7, 1864. Campaign from the Rapidan to the James River May 4-June 15. Battles of the Wilderness May 5-7; Laurel Hill May 8; Spotsylvania May 8-12; Po River May 10; Spotsylvania Court House May 12-21. Assault on the Salient, “Bloody Angle,” May 12. Harris Farm, Fredericksburg Road, May 19. North Anna River May 23-26. On line of the Pamunkey May 26-28. Totopotomoy May 28-31. Cold Harbor June 1-12. Before Petersburg June 16-19. Siege of Petersburg June 16, 1864, to February 20, 1865. Jerusalem Plank Road, Weldon Railroad, June 22-23, 1864. Demonstration north of the James River July 27-29. Deep Bottom July 28-29. Demonstration north of the James August 13-20. Strawberry Plains, Deep Bottom, August 14-18. Poplar Springs Church, Peeble’s Farm, September 29-October 2. Boydton Plank Road, Hatcher’s Run, October 27-28. Expedition to Weldon Railroad December 7-12. Dabney’s Mills, Hatcher’s Run, February 5-7, 1865. Discontinued February 20, 1865. Company “A” transferred to 1st Minnesota Infantry, Company “B” to 5th Michigan Infantry, Company “C” to 105th Pennsylvania Infantry, Company “D” to 17th Maine Infantry, Company “F” to 5th New Hampshire Infantry, Company “G” to 5th New Hampshire Infantry, and Company “H” to 4th Vermont Infantry. Regiment lost during service 8 Officers and 117 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 2 Officers and 123 Enlisted men by disease. Total 250.

About the Main Monument

When was it dedicated? July 3, 1888. Relocated ca. 1890.

What is it made out of? Sculpture: Westerly granite with bronze elements; Base: granite.

What size is it? Sculpture: approx. 9 ft. 5 in. x 7 ft. 10 in. x 4 ft.; Base: approx. W. 7 ft. 6 in. x D. 4 ft.

Who made it? Buberl, Caspar, 1834-1899, sculptor. New England Monument Company, fabricator.

What does it depict? A granite marker with a relief of a uniformed Cavalryman seen in profile astride his horse. The monument sits atop a tiered rough-hewn base, placed atop a larger boulder. A State Seal is affixed to the front of the base.

What does it honor? It indicates the position of the 5th New York Cavalry on July 3, 1863 when supporting Elder’s Battery B, 4th U. S. Battery. Monument is a rough hewn granite shaft with a flat top and set on a 7.6×4 foot rough hewn base. The shaft contains a sculptured granite relief of a mounted cavalryman, bronze corps insignia, state seal, and raised letters on the north. The shaft has a bronze tablet with insignia on the south. Overall height is 9.5 feet. Sculptured by Casper Buberl. Flanking markers are one foot square.

How is it inscribed? 5TH N.Y. CAVALRY/1ST BRIG. 3RD DIV./CAVALRY CORPS

When was this photograph taken? December 8, 2011.

Where is it located? Located Gettysburg National Military Park, Bushman Woods, south of South Confederate Avenue, southwest of Big Round Top, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325. Mounted on a native boulder.

Is this monument located along the NPS Auto Tour route? Located on a trail off of South Confederate Avenue.

Has this monument been moved or changed? The piece was originally located elsewhere in the park on what is said to be “ground occupied by the Confederates.” It was moved to its current location about 1890, at the request of veterans.

Monument Details, Alternative Views, and Contextual Views

At Gettysburg

The 5th New York Cavalry was also known as The First Ira Harris Guard. During the battle of Gettysburg, it served as a member of Farnsworth’s Brigade in Kilpatrick’s Division of the Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac.

Commander: Maj. John Hammond (1827-1889). Iron manufacturer from Crown Point. Wounded twice during the War. Post-War U.S. Congressman, 1879-1883.

Number Engaged: 468

Casualties: 1 killed, 1 wounded, 4 missing

Soldiers Buried in the New York Plot of the Gettysburg National Cemetery:

• Adjutant Alexander Gall, Staff, E-94
• Pvt. John Lanegar, Company D, E-92
• Sgt. Selden Wales, Company A, E-93

After Action Report: After Action Report of Maj. John Hammond (will open a pop up window).

General Information

Raised: New York City and the counties of Essex and Tioga.

Regimental History ~ Dyer’s Compendium of the War of the Rebellion:

Regiment recruited at New York City as Ira Harris Cavalry. Designated Ira Harris Guard October 16,1861, and 5th New York Cavalry November 14, 1861. Companies mustered in as follows: “A” August 15, “B” August 21, “C” September 3, “D” October 1, “E” October 7, “F” September 21, “G” October 9, “H” October 28, “I,” “K,” “L” and “M” October 31, 1861. Left State for Baltimore, Md., November 18, 1861. Attached to Dix’s Command to March, 1862. Banks’ 5th Corps March and April, 1862. Hatch’s Cavalry Brigade, Department Of the Shenandoah, to June, 1862. Cavalry Brigade, 2nd Corps, Army of Virginia, to September, 1862. Wyndham’s Cavalry Brigade, Defenses of Washington, to February, 1863. Price’s Independent Cavalry Brigade, 22nd Army Corps, Dept. of Washington, to April, 1863. 3rd Brigade, Stahel’s Cavalry Division, 22nd Army Corps, to June 28, 1863. 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac, and Army of the Shenandoah, Middle Military Division, to March, 1865. Cavalry, Army of the Shenandoah, to July, 1865.

SERVICE.–Duty at Camp Harris, Baltimore, Md., November 18, 1861, to March 31, 1862. Ordered to join Banks in the field March 31. South Fork, Shenandoah River, April 19. New Market April 29. Port Republic May 2. Conrad’s Store May 2 and 6. Report to Gen. Hatch May 3. Rockingham Furnace May 4. Near Harrisonburg May 6. New Market May 7. Columbia River Bridge May 8. Bowling Green Road near Fredericksburg May 11. Operations in the Shenandoah Valley May 15-June 17. Woodstock May 18. Front Royal May 23 (Cos. “B” and “D”). Strasburg, Middletown and Newtown May 24. Winchester May 25. Defense of Harper’s Ferry May 28-30 (4 Cos.). Reconnaissance to New Market June 15. Near Culpeper Court House July 12. Liberty Mills July 17. Near Orange Court House August 2. Cedar Mountain August 9-10. Pope’s Campaign in Northern Virginia August 16-September 2. Louisa Court House August 17. Kelly’s Ford August 20. Warrenton Springs August 23-24. Waterloo Bridge August 24. Centreville August 28. Groveton August 29. Lewis Ford and Bull Run August 30. Chanuntily September 1. Antietam, Md., September 17-19. Ashby’s Gap September 22. Leesburg October 16. Upperville October 17. Thoroughfare Gap and Haymarket October 18. New Baltimore November 5. Cedar Hill November 5. Hopewell Gap November 8. Thoroughfare Gap November 11. Middleburg November 12. Upperville November 16. Aldie November 29. Snicker’s Gap and Berryville November 30. Aldie December 18. Cub Run December 31. Frying Pan January 5, 1863. Cub Run January 5. Middleburg January 26. New Baltimore February 9. Warrenton February 10. Aldie March 4. Fairfax Court House March 9. Little River Turnpike and Chanuntily March 23. Broad Run April 1. White Plains April 28. Warrenton Junction May 3. Flemming and Shannon Cross Roads May 4. Near Fairfax Court House May 8. Marsteller’s Place May 14. Greenwich May 30. Snicker’s Gap June 1. Middleburg June 10. Warrenton June 19. Hanover, Pa., June 30. Hunterstown July 2. Gettysburg, Pa., July 3. Monterey Pass July 4. Smithsburg July 5. Hagerstown and Williamsport July 6. Boonsboro July 8. Hagerstown July 11-13. Falling Waters July 14. Hagerstown July 15. Ashby’s Gap July 26. Expedition to Port Conway September 1-3. Lamb’s Creek September 1. Advance from the Rappahannock to the Rapidan September 13-17. Culpeper Court House September 13. Rapidan Station September 13-14. Somerville Ford September 14. Raccoon Ford September 14-16. Kelly’s Ford September 18. Madison Court House September 21. Reconnaissance across the Rapidan September 21-23. White’s Ford September 21-22. Brookin’s Ford September 22. Hazel River Bridge September 25. Creigerville October 8. Bristoe Campaign October 9-22. Russell’s Ford, James City and Bethesda Church October 10. Sperryville Pike, Brandy Station and near Culpeper October 11. Gainesville October 14. New Market October 16. Groveton October 17-18. Haymarket, Gainesville and Buckland’s Mills October 19. Advance to line of the Rappahannock November 7-8. Stevensburg November 8. Germania Ford November 18. Mine Run Campaign November 26-December 2. Morton’s Ford November 26. Raccoon Ford November 26-27. Ely’s Ford January 19 and 22, 1864. Demonstration on the Rapidan February 6-7. Kilpatrick’s Raid to Richmond February 28-March 4. Ely’s Ford February 28. Beaver Dam Station and South Anna Bridge February 29. Defenses of Richmond March 1. Hanovertown March 2. Aylett’s and Stevensville March 2. King’s and Queen’s Court House March 3. Ely’s Ford March 4. Field’s Ford March 8. Southard’s Cross Roads March 11. Rapidan Campaign May-June. Parker’s Store May 5. Todd’s Tavern May 5-6. Wilderness May 6-7. Germania Ford, Brock Road and the Furnaces May 7. Todd’s Tavern May 7-8. Spottsylvania May 8-18. Downer’s Bridge and Milford Station May 20. Mattapony River and Bowling Green May 21. North Anna River May 24. Mt. Carmel Church May 25. On line of the Pamunky May 26-28. Totopotomoy May 28-31. Hanover Court House May 29. Mechump’s Creek May 30. Signal Hill May 31. Ashland Station June 1. Cold Harbor June 1-12. Gaines’ Mill, Totopotomoy and Salem Church June 2. Haw’s Shop June 3. Old Church June 10 Shady Grove and Bethesda Church June 11. Riddell’s Shop and Long Bridge June 12. White Oak Swamp June 13. Malvern Hill June 14. Smith’s Store near St. Mary’s Church June 15. White House Landing June 19. Wilson’s Raid on South Side & Danville Railroad. June 22-30. Black and white and Nottaway Court House June 23. Staunton Bridge June 24. Roanoke Bridge June 25. Sappony Church or Stony Creek June 28. Ream’s Station June 29. Before Petersburg until July 30. (A detachment of Regiment left at Dismounted Camp, participated in actions at Maryland Heights July 6-7. Rockville, Md., July 10. Tell Gate July 12. Poolesville July 15. Snicker’s Ferry July 18, and Kernstown July 24.) Sheridan’s Shenandoah Valley Campaign August 7-November 28. Winchester and Halltown August 17. Opequan August 19. Summit Point August 21. Charlestown August 22. Duffield Station August 23. Near Kearneysville August 25. Berryville September 2-4. Duffield Station September 3. Darkenville September 3. Opequan September 7-13-15 and 17. Abraham’s Creek near Winchester September 13. Battle of Winchester September 19. Near Cedarville and Crooked Run September 20. Front Royal Pike and Fisher’s Hill September 21. Milford September 22. New Market September 23-24. Mt. Crawford September 24. Waynesboro September 26. Port Republic September 26-27. Mr. Meridian September 27. Waynesboro and Railroad Bridge September 29. Bridgewater October 2. Brock’s Gap October 6. Forestville October 7. Near Columbia Furnace October 7. Tom’s Brook, “Woodstock Races,” October 8-9. Back Road Cedar Creek October 13. Lebanon Church October 14. Cedar Run October 18. Battle of Cedar Creek October 19. Newtown and Nineyah November 12. Mr. Jackson November 22. Expedition to Lacy Springs December 19-22. Lacy Springs December 21. Woodstock January 10, 1865. Edenburg January 22. Sheridan’s Raid February 27-March 3. Waynesboro March 2. Capture of Gen. Early’s Command. Detached from Division to guard prisoners from Waynesboro to Winchester. Mr. Sidney and Lacy Springs March 5. New Market March 6 Rood’s Hill March 7. (A portion of Regiment at Dinwiddie Court House March 30-31. Five Forks April 1. Fall of Petersburg April 2. Sweet House Creek April 3. Harper’s Farm April 6. Appomattox Station April 8. Appomattox Court House April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army.) Regiment on duty at Headquarters Middle Military Division and in vicinity of Winchester until July. Mustered out July 19, 1865, and honorably discharged from service. Regiment lost during service 8 Officers and 93 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 3 Officers and 222 Enlisted men by disease. Total 326.

Major William Wells served in the 1st Vermont Cavalry at Gettysburg.

About the Main Monument

When was it dedicated? Installed ca. 1913. Dedicated May 30, 1914.

What is it made out of? Sculpture: bronze; Relief: bronze; Base: stone boulder.

What size is it? Sculpture: approx. 7 ft. x 3 ft. 6 in. x 3 ft.; Base: approx. 7 ft. 6 in. x 12 ft. 5 in. x 15 ft. 3 in.

Who made it? Schweizer, J. Otto, 1863-1955, sculptor. Gorham Manufacturing Company, founder. Van Amringe Granite Company, contractor.

What does it depict? portrait of Major Wells striding forward as he leads the Second Battalion of the 1st Vermont Cavalry across Plum Run in their charge against Law’s Brigade on the afternoon of July 3, 1863. His saber is raised in his proper right hand and his proper left hand rests on the handle of a sword that hangs on his proper left side. The sculpture is installed on a stone boulder adorned with a bronze relief depicting Major Wells’ charge against Law’s Brigade at 5:00 on the afternoon of July 3, 1863. On the far left of the relief, Major Wells can be seen brandishing a saber. On his right, a mortally wounded Brigadier General Elon Farnsworth falls from his horse. Behind Wells, Capt. Henry C. Parson is lying face down on his horse. To the right of Capt. Parsons is F. Stewart Stranahan, First Sergeant Troop L. with his saber raised. Schweizer took care to use several of Wells’ possessions (including his uniform, hat, revolver, boots, and belt) to make the monument more authentic and true to life.

How is it inscribed? The monument reads,

At 5 p.m. July 3 the 2nd Battalion 1st Vermont Cavalry led by Major William Wells, General Farnsworth commanding the brigade riding by his side crossed Plum Run near this point charging over stone walls amid rocks and through woods till they encountered five regiments of Law’s Confederate Brigade near the spot where the regimental monument stands.

The 1st Battalion and part of the 3rd Lt. Col. A.W. Preston commanding were ordered to the support of the 2nd moved northerly to the Slyder house turned into the lane and struck Law’s Brigade in the flank the onset was terrific sabres and bayonets revolvers and muskets being freely used after a struggle the hill was carried by the 1st Vermont and the prisoners sent to the rear.

The three battalions united soon came under the fire of the 4th Alabama Infantry and presently of the 9th Georgia Infantry finding no exit to the south they turned to the east and charged the 15th Alabama Infantry which answered a summons to surrender by a destructive musketry fire. Those unhurt escaping mostly to the south.

When was this photograph taken? March 26, 2012.

Where is it located? Located Gettysburg National Military Park, South of Confederate Avenue, near Plum Run, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325.

Is this monument located along the NPS Auto Tour route? Yes.

Has this monument been moved or changed? This monument has not been changed or moved.

Monument Details, Alternative Views, and Contextual Views

At Gettysburg

Commanded: Officer in the 1st Vermont Cavalry.

General Information

Brief Biography: William Wells, Jr. was a businessman, politician, and general in the Union Army during the American Civil War who received a Medal of Honor for gallantry at the Battle of Gettysburg.

About the Main Monument

When was it dedicated? Oct. 9, 1898.

What is it made out of? Memorial: Rutland Vermont marble; Base: stone.

What size is it? Memorial: approx. H. 17 ft.

Who made it? Moynehan, F., sculptor. Marietta Memorials, fabricator.

What does it depict? Monument is a 4.5 foot-in-circumference Vermont marble shaft that is seventeen foot high topped with a sculptured eagle. The base is 5.9 foot square with inscriptions. A tall fluted Corinthian column topped by an eagle with wings spread.

What does it honor? The monument marks the advanced site occupied by Co. F on the morning of July 2, 1863, when they advanced from the III Corps lines to the woods on the Fairfield (Millestown) Road, where they met Confederate skirmishes.

How is it inscribed? CO. F./1ST U.S. SHARPSHOOTERS/ORGANIZED IN VERMONT IN 1861-/ASSIGNED TO THE 6TH CORPS IN 1862/TO THE 3RD CORPS IN 1863/AND TO THE 2ND CORPS IN 1864.

When was this photograph taken? March 23, 2012.

Where is it located? Located Gettysburg National Military Park, In Pitzer Woods, off Berdan Avenue, west of West Confederate Avenue, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325. Located on the north end of Pitzer Woods north of Berdan Avenue.

Is this monument located along the NPS Auto Tour route? No.

Has this monument been moved or changed? This monument has not been moved. The monument was badly damaged in a storm in 1994, and the eagle was reconstructed by Park Service staff.

Monument Details, Alternative Views, and Contextual Views

At Gettysburg

The 1st United States Sharpshooters served as a member of Ward’s Brigade in Birney’s Division of the Third Corps, Army of the Potomac. A Fighting 300 Regiment

Commander: Col. Hiram Berdan (1824-1893)

Number Engaged: 371

Casualties: 6 killed, 37 wounded, 6 missing

After Action Report: After Action Report of the 1st and 2nd Sharpshooter Regiments (will open a pop up window).

General Information

Raised: Vermont.

Regimental History ~ Dyer’s Compendium of the War of the Rebellion:

Organized at West Randolph September 13, 1861. Left State for Weehawken, N.J., September 14, thence to Washington, D.C., September 25. (See 1st U.S. Sharpshooters.)

Most of Regiment concentrated at Weehawken, N.J., September, 1861, and moved to Washington, D.C., September 24-25. Mustered in November 29, 1861. Served Unattached, Army of the Potomac, and Martindale’s Brigade, Fitz John Porter’s Division, Army of the Potomac, to March, 1862. Unassigned, 1st Division, 3rd Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, to May, 1862. 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, 5th Army Corps, to March, 1863. 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division, 3rd Army Corps, to June, 1863. 2nd Brigade, 1st Division, 3rd Army Corps, to September, 1863. 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, 3rd Army Corps, to March, 1864. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, 2nd Army Corps, to December, 1864.

SERVICE.–Duty in the Defenses of Washington, D. C., until March, 1862. Moved to Fortress Monroe, Va., March 22. Advance on Yorktown April 1-5. Great Bethel and Howard’s Bridge April 4. Warwick Road April 5. Siege of Yorktown April 5-May 4. Battle of Williamsburg May 5. Battle of Hanover Court House May 27. Operations about Hanover Court House April 27-29. Seven days before Richmond June 25-July 1. Battles of Mechanicsville June 26. Gaines’ Mill June 27. Peach Orchard and Savage Station June 29. Turkey Bridge, White Oak Swamp, June 30. Malvern Hill July 1. Duty at Harrison’s Landing until August 15. Movement to Centreville August 15-28. Pope’s Campaign in Northern Virginia August 28-September 2. Battles of Groveton August 29; Bull Run August 30. Maryland Campaign September 6-22. Battle of South Mountain September 14. Battle of Antietam September 16-17. Sharpsburg, Shepherdstown Ford, September 19. Movement to Falmouth October 29-November 17. Battle of Fredericksburg, Va., December 12-15. Expedition from Potomac Creek to Richard’s and Ellis’ Fords, Rappahannock River, December 29-30. “Mud March” January 20-24, 1863. At Falmouth until April. Chancellorsville Campaign April 27-May 6. Battle of Chancellorsville May 1-5. Gettysburg (Pa.) Campaign June 11-July 24. Battle of Gettysburg, Pa., July 1-3. Pursuit of Lee to Manassas Gap, Va., July 5-24. Wapping Heights, Va., July 23. Bristoe Campaign October 9-22. Auburn and Bristoe October 14. Advance to line of the Rappahannock November 7-8. Kelly’s Ford November 7. Mine Run Campaign November 26-December 2. Payne’s Farm November 27. Demonstration on the Rapidan February 6-7, 1864. Campaign from the Rapidan to the James River May 4-June 15. Battles of the Wilderness May 5-7; Laurel Hill May 8; Spotsylvania May 8-12; Po River May 10; Spotsylvania Court House May 12-21. Assault on the Salient, “Bloody Angle,” May 12. Harris Farm, Fredericksburg Road, May 19. North Anna River May 23-26. On line of the Pamunkey May 26-28. Totopotomoy May 28-31. Hanovertown May 30-31. Cold Harbor June 1-12. Before Petersburg June 16-19. Siege of Petersburg June 16 to December 31, 1864. Jerusalem Plank Road, Weldon Railroad, June 22-23. Demonstration north of the James July 27-29. Deep Bottom July 28-29. Demonstration north of the James at Deep Bottom August 13-20. Strawberry Plains August 14-18. Poplar Springs Church, Peeble’s Farm, September 29-October 2. Boydton Plank Road, Hatcher’s Run, October 27-28. Expedition to Weldon Railroad December 7-12. Company “A” mustered out August 19, Company “D” mustered out August 28, 1864. Veterans and Recruits assigned to Companies “I” and “K.” Veterans of Company “H” to Company “D” September 15. Regiment consolidated with 2nd Regiment Sharpshooters December 31, 1864. Regiment lost during service 10 Officers and 143 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 1 Officer and 128 Enlisted men by disease. Total 282.