Named For: General Winfield Scott Hancock, commander of the Second Corps.

Location: Cemetery Ridge.

Built: 1882.

Altered: 1934 and 1961.

Designer: E.B. Cope; road was originally laid out by the GBMA.

Description: Avenue originally constructed of telford-based paving measuring 25′ wide. Widened & bituminous asphalt paved in 1934 to approximately 36′ wide x 1.237 mi long. Avenue begins at joining of United States Avenue and Sedgwick Avenue and loops to Cyclorama Drive. The road was altered with the construction of the Cyclorama parking lot.

History: Part of the War Department system of avenues designed and built to provide access to various sections of Battlefield. Hancock Avenue loops through 3rd day Battlefield including High Water Mark of Rebellion. Follows original route laid out by GBMA.

Notes: Hancock Avenue is often referred to as North and South Hancock Avenue. South Hancock Avenue stretches from United States Avenue/Sedgwick Avenue to Pleasanton Avenue; North Hancock Avenue extends from Pleasanton Avenue to the Cyclorama.

About the Main Monument

When was it dedicated? Oct. 19, 1899.

What is it made out of? Sculpture: Barre granite; Base: Barre granite.

What size is it? Overall: approx. H. 14 ft. 6 in.; Base: approx. 3 ft. 7 in. x 7 ft. 2 in. x 7 ft. 2 in.

Who made it? Estabrook Granite Works, fabricator.

What does it depict? Monument is a 3.6 foot diameter cylindrical, polished granite shaft that tapers to a point and set on a 4.6 foot diameter base. The shaft contains incised inscriptions. Overall height is 14.6 feet.

What does it honor? Monument marks the position held by the 14th Vermont Volunteers prior to its advance on July 3, 1863 to enfilade Wilcox and Perry as they advanced in support of Pickett.

How is it inscribed? 14TH VERMONT/VOLUNTEERS/COL. W. T. NICHOLS/STANNARD’S BRIGADE/JULY 2D & 3D 1863/19 KILLED 76 WOUNDED

When was this photograph taken? September 24, 2010.

Where is it located? Located Gettysburg National Military Park, Hancock Avenue, east side near Pleasonton Avenue, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325.

Is this monument located along the NPS Auto Tour route? Yes.

Has this monument been moved or changed? This monument has not been changed or moved.

Monument Details, Alternative Views, and Contextual Views

At Gettysburg

The 14th Vermont Infantry served as a member of Stannard’s Brigade in Doubleday’s Division of the First Corps, Army of the Potomac.

Commander: Col. William T. Nichols (1829-1882). State attorney in Rutland and member of state legislature.

Number Engaged: 722

Casualties: 19 killed, 67 wounded, 21 missing

Officers Killed at Gettysburg:

• 2nd Lieutenant William H. Hamilton, Company I, mortally wounded on July 3, of Fair Haven, aged 28, buried in National Cemetery at B-1

Soldiers Buried in the Vermont Plot of the Gettysburg National Cemetery:

• Pvt. Richard C. Archer, Company B, B-11
• Pvt. Lester L. Baird, Company H, B-10
• Pvt. William O. Doubleday, Company H, A-19
• Pvt. William E. Green, Company G, A-10
• Cpl. Charles E. Mead, Company G, A-4
• Pvt. Dyer Rogers, Company D, A-13
• Pvt. Garrett L. Roseboom, Company D, A-17
• Pvt. Charles W. Ross, Company G, A-3
• Pvt. Albert A. Walker, Company D, A-15
• Pvt. Pliney F. White, Company E, B-6

General Information

Raised: Addison, Rutland, and Bennington counties.

Regimental History ~ Dyer’s Compendium of the War of the Rebellion:

Organized at Brattleboro October 21, 1862, for nine months. Moved to Washington, D.C., October 22-25. Attached to 2nd Brigade, Abercrombie’s Division, Military District of Washington, to February, 1863. 2nd Brigade, Casey’s Division, 22nd Army Corps, to April, 1863. 2nd Brigade, Abercrombie’s Division, 22nd Army Corps, to July, 1863. 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division, 1st Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, to muster out.

SERVICE.–At Camp Chase, Arlington, Va., October 25-28 and at East Capital Hill to October 30. March to Munson’s Hill October 30 and to Hunting Creek November 5. At Camp Vermont, near Hunting Creek, November 5-26. Picket duty near Occoquan Creek November 26-December 5. At Camp Vermont until December 12. Duty near Fairfax Court House until January 20, 1863. Defence of Fairfax Court House from attack by Stuart’s Cavalry December 29, 1862. At Fairfax Station January 20-March 24, 1863. At Wolf Run Shoals, Union Mills and on the Occoquan March 24 to June 25. March to Gettysburg, Pa.. June 25-July 1. Battle of Gettysburg, Pa., July 1-3. Pursuit of Lee July 4-18. Moved to Brattleboro, Vt., July 18-21. Mustered out July 30, 1863. Regiment lost during service 1 Officer and 26 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 43 Enlisted men by disease. Total 70.

The 1st Corps, 3rd Division, 3rd Brigade was also known as Stannard’s Brigade. During the battle of Gettysburg, it served as a member of Doubleday’s Division in the First Corps, Army of the Potomac.

About the Main Monument

When was it dedicated? Erected circa 1912.

What is it made out of? Foundation: Concrete. Monument: Polished smooth sea-green granite. Plaque: Bronze.

What size is it? 36′ by 36′ base. Weight: 300 Pounds. Height 5’4″. Tablet measures 4 feet by 3 feet 8 inches.

Who made it? Albert Russell & Sons Co. of Newburyport, Massachusetts. Erected by the United States War Department.

What does it depict? Monolith consisting of polished smooth sea-green granite pedestal with a square base. Base tapers to a smaller dimension at the tablet. On each pedestal is mounted a bronze inscription tablet describing the movements and actions of the unit.

What does it honor? One of 74 Union brigade monuments erected at Gettysburg by the United States War Department to describe the movements and itinerary of each Union brigade of the Army of the Potomac. The monuments were designed by E.B. Cope. Many of the inscription tablets were made of bronze melted down from Civil War cannons.

How is it inscribed? The monument reads,

ARMY OF THE POTOMAC
FIRST CORPS THIRD DIVISION
THIRD BRIGADE
Brig. Gen. George J. Stannard
Col. Francis V. Randall
12th 13th 14th 15th 16th Vermont Infantry
The 12th and 15th were guarding Corps Trains

July 1. Arrived at dusk and took position on right of Third Corps.

July 2. Joined the Corps and went into position at the left and rear of the Cemetery. Just before dusk a detachment advanced to the Emmitsburg Road and captured about 80 prisoners and recovered 4 abandoned Union guns.

July 3. In position on left of Second Division Second Corps at the time of Longstreet’s assault. The 13th and 16th advanced against Major Gen. Pickett’s Division changed front forward and attacked its right throwing it into contusion and capturing many prisoners. The 16th and part of 14th then went to the left and attacked the advancing Brigades of Brig Gen. Wilcox and Perry (Col. Lang) and captured three flags and many prisoners.

Casualties Killed 1 Officer 44 Men Wounded 12 Officers 262 men Captured or Missing 32 Men Total 351

When was this photograph taken? September 24, 2010.

Where is it located? Located Gettysburg National Military Park, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325. Located east side of Hancock Avenue, North of Pleasonton Avenue and near Vermont State Monument.

Is this monument located along the NPS Auto Tour route? Yes.

Has this monument been moved or changed? This monument has not been moved or materially altered.

Monument Details, Alternative Views, and Contextual Views

At Gettysburg

Commander: Brig. Gen. George Jerrison Stannard (October 20, 1820 – June 1, 1886) was a Vermont farmer, teacher, and Union general in the American Civil War. After the war, he served as Doorkeeper of the United States House of Representatives. More about this officer.

After Action Report: After Action Report of Brig. Gen. George J. Stannard (will open a pop up window).

About the Main Monument

When was it dedicated? July 3, 1887.

What is it made out of? Sculpture: Westerly granite with bronze plaque and reliefs; Base: granite.

What size is it? Approx. 7 ft. 2 in. x 8 ft. 8 in. x 5 ft. 6 in.

Who made it? Hamilton, J. G., sculptor. Smith Granite Company, fabricator. Bureau Brothers, founder.

What does it depict? Monument that has two flanking wrought iron cannon mounted on cast iron carriages. Rectangular sculpture on a tiered base contains a relief in which the appearance of one of the regiment’s guns during the final moments of Longstreet’s assault is depicted. The VI Corps insignia of a Greek Cross and Excelsior Emblem is on the sides. Monument is a two-part stepped granite shaft of which the first part is finished and the second part is rough hewn and set on a 8.8×5.6 foot base. The first part of the shaft has an incised inscription and the second part has a bronze medallion in front, 6th Corps cross on the rear, and bas-relief and inscriptions on all sides. Overall height is 7.2 foot.

What does it honor? It marks the position held by Andrew Cowan’s 1st New York Independent Battery on July 3, 1863.

How is it inscribed? DOUBLE CANISTER AT TEN YARDS/JULY 3RD 1863./COWAN’S FIRST NEW YORK BATTERY/ARTILLERY/BRIGADE SIXTH CORPS

When was this photograph taken? June 17, 2012.

Where is it located? Located Gettysburg National Military Park, Hancock Avenue, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325. Located southeast of the Copse of Trees on the west side of Hancock Avenue.

Is this monument located along the NPS Auto Tour route? Yes.

Has this monument been moved or changed? A new foundation was set under the monument in Sept. 1888 and it was repointed in 1904. The relief and seal received a hot wax treatment by E. Karkadoulis on Sept. 26-27, 1981.

Monument Details, Alternative Views, and Contextual Views

At Gettysburg

The 1st New York Independent Battery served as a member of Tompkin’s Brigade in the Sixth Corps, Army of the Potomac.

Commander: Capt. Andrew Cowan (1841-1919). Born in Scotland; student at Madison University in New York City. Wounded during the Petersburg Campaign.

Number Engaged: 6 Ordnance rifles and 113 men

Casualties: 4 killed, 8 wounded

Soldiers Buried in the New York Plot of the Gettysburg National Cemetery:

• Pvt. James A. Gray, C-116
• Pvt. Henry Hitchock, E-105
• Pvt. Edward Peto, C-117

After Action Report: After Action Report of Capt. Andrew Cowan (will open a pop up window).

General Information

Raised: Cayuga County

Regimental History ~ Dyer’s Compendium of the War of the Rebellion:

Organized at Auburn, N.Y., and mustered in November 23, 1861. Left State for Washington, D.C., December 4, 1861. Attached to W. F. Smith’s Division, Army of the Potomac, to March, 1862. W. F. Smith’s 2nd Division, 4th Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, to May, 1862. Artillery, 2nd Division, 6th Army Corps, to May, 1863. Artillery Brigade, 6th Army Corps, Army of the Potomac and Army of the Shenandoah, to June, 1865.

SERVICE.–Duty in the Defenses of Washington, D. C., until March, 1862. Moved to Fortress Monroe, Va., March 23-24. Action at Lee’s Mills April 5. Siege of Yorktown April 5-May 4. Lee’s Mills April 16. Battle of Williamsburg May 5. Seven days before Richmond June 25-July 1. Gaines’ Mill June 27. Golding’s Farm June 28. Savage Station June 29. White Oak Swamp and Glendale June 30. Malvern Hill July 1. At Harrison’s Landing until August 16. Moved to Fortress Monroe, thence to Alexandria August 16-24. Maryland Campaign September 6-22. Crampton’s Pass, South Mountain, September 14. Battle of Antietam September 16-17. At Hagerstown, Md., September 26-October 29. Movement to Falmouth, Va., October 29-November. 19. Battle of Fredericksburg, Va., December 12-15. “Mud March” January 20-24, 1863. At Falmouth, Va., until April. Chancellorsville Campaign April 27-May 6. Operations at Franklin’s Crossing April 29-May 2. Maryes Heights, Fredericksburg, May 3. Salem Heights May 3-4. Deep Run Ravine June 5-13. Battle of Gettysburg, Pa., July 2-4. Near Fairfield, Pa., July 5. Bristoe Campaign October 9-22. Advance to line of the Rappahannock November 7-8. Rappahannock Station November 7. Mine Run Campaign November 26-December 2, Reconnaissance to Madison Court House February 27-March 2, 1864. Campaign from the Rapidan to the James May 3-June 15. Battles of the Wilderness May 5-7. Spottsylvania May 8-12. Spottsylvania Court House May 12-21. Assault on the Salient, “Bloody Angle,” May 12. North Anna River May 23-26. On line of the Pamunkey May 26-28. Totopotomoy May 28-31. Cold Harbor June 1-12. Before Petersburg June 17-19. Siege of Petersburg June 18-July 9. Jerusalem Plank Road, Weldon Railroad, June 22-23. Moved to Washington, D.C., July 9-11. Repulse of Early’s attack on Washington July 12-13. Sheridan’s Shenandoah Valley Campaign August 7-November 28. Cedar Creek August 12. Charlestown August 21. Leetown August 28-29. Opequan Creek September 13. Battle of Winchester September 19. Fisher’s Hill September 22. Battle of Cedar Creek October 19. Duty at Kernstown until December. Moved to Petersburg, Va., December 9-12. Siege of Petersburg December, 1864, to April, 1865. Fort Fisher, Petersburg, March 25, 1865. Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9. Assault and capture of Petersburg April 2. Pursuit of Lee April 3-9. Sailor’s Creek April 6. High Bridge April 7. Appomattox Court House April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. At Farmville and Burkesville until April 23. March to Danville April 23-27, and duty there until May 18. March to Richmond, thence to Washington, D.C., May 18-June 3. Corps Review June 8. Mustered out June 23, 1865. Battery lost during service 2 Officers and 16 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 38 Enlisted men by disease. Total 56.

Grand Army of the Republic Monument.

About the Main Monument

When was it dedicated? Installed 1955. Dedicated Sept. 12, 1956.

What is it made out of? Sculpture: bronze; Base: granite.

What size is it? Sculpture: approx. 64 x 51 x 42 in.; Base: approx. 43.5 in. x 7 ft. x 6 in.

Who made it? Fairbanks, Avard, 1897-1987, sculptor. Roman Bronze Works, founder.

What does it depict? A seated portrait of an elderly Albert Woolson holding a walking stick in his proper right hand and resting his proper left hand on a GAR hat which rests on the bench beside him. The sculpture is installed on a rectangular base made of polished granite. Surrounding the monument is a flagstone plaza adorned with two mahogany granite benches. The portrait was modeled from life in the year he died. Flagstone surrounding the monument was added in Oct. 1963 and mahogany granite benches were added to the site on Nov. 20. 1965. A dedicatory plaque was later added. Woolson, of Duluth, Minnesota, was the last surviving member of the Union Army. He did not fight at Gettysburg.

How is it inscribed? DEDICATED ON SEPTEMBER 12, 1956/BY NATIONAL AUXILIARY TO/SONS OF UNION VETERANS/OF THE CIVIL WAR 1861-1865

When was this photograph taken? April 14, 2011.

Where is it located? Located at Gettysburg National Military Park, North Hancock Avenue, Ziegler’s Grove, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325.

Is this monument located along the NPS Auto Tour route? Yes.

Has this monument been moved or changed? This monument has not been moved or materially altered.

Monument Details, Alternative Views, and Contextual Views

United States Regulars Monument.

About the Main Monument

When was it dedicated? Commissioned ca. 1903-1906. Dedicated May 30, 1909.

What is it made out of? Sculpture: Mt. Airy granite with bronze plaques; Base: Mt. Airy granite.

What size is it? Overall: approx. H. 85 ft.; Base: approx. 17 ft. x 14 ft. 6 in. x 14 ft. 6 in.; Terrace: approx. 2 ft. x 43 ft. 6 in. x 43 ft. 6 in.

Who made it? Bitter, Karl, 1867-1915, sculptor. Van Amringe Granite Company, fabricator.

What does it depict? Monument consists of a five-course shaft on an elevated terrace. An eagle in relief with spread wings appears on each side of the shaft at the base. A sphere tops each corner of the terrace. This monument was authorized by Congress in acts passed on Feb. 18, 1903 and March 3, 1903. It is the only monument at Gettysburg commissioned by Congress to honor the regular Army who served at Gettysburg. In planning the monument, the Committee of Survivors of the Regular Army worked with the National Park Commission in summer 1906. The veterans opted for one major monument to be erected for the regular Army with leftover funds to be used for monuments to individual commands. Reportedly, Capt. Frank Furness, a consultant to Secretary of War William H. Taft, ultimately chose the design regardless of the opinions of the Committee and the Commission. Previously, vehicular traffic had access to the monument on its east and west sides. Hancock Avenue later became the only vehicular route near the monument. The monument cost $50,000 and the bronze plaques around it cost $13,000. It was constructed of Mt. Airy granite.

What does it honor? Honors the contributions of the United States Regular Army during the Gettysburg Campaign.

How is it inscribed? ERECTED BY THE CONGRESS/TO COMMEMORATE THE SERVICES/OF THAT PORTION OF THE/ARMY OF THE POTOMAC/COMPOSED OF/CAVALRY ARTILLERY INFANTRY AND ENGINEERS/OF THE REGULAR ARMY OF THE UNITED STATES/IN THE GETTYSBURG CAMPAIGN JUNE-JULY 1863

When was this photograph taken? August 16, 2008.

Where is it located? Located Gettysburg National Military Park, West side of Hancock Avenue, south of the Copse of Trees, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325.

Is this monument located along the NPS Auto Tour route? Yes.

Has this monument been moved or changed? This monument has not been materially altered or changed.

Monument Details, Alternative Views, and Contextual Views

High Water Mark of the Rebellion Monument.

About the Main Monument

When was it dedicated? Erected Sept.-Oct. 1891. Dedicated June 2, 1892.

What is it made out of? Sculpture: bronze; Base: Fox Island and Quincy granite; Water table: Gettysburg granite; Walkway: granolithic concrete.

What size is it? Sculpture: approx. H. 4 ft. x W. 4 ft. 6 in.; Base: approx. 9 ft. x 11 ft. 4 in. x 11 ft. (1,272 lbs.).

Who made it? Bachelder, John B., designer. Henry-Bonnard Bronze Company, founder.

What does it depict? An oversized open book is propped up on a pyramid of cannon balls. The work stands on a tapered square base, a tiered square base and a small, low-stepped plaza and is flanked by a cannons and small pyramidal stacks of cannon balls. The inscription on the pages of the open book lists the divisions and brigades from both the Union and Confederate armies who participated in Longstreet’s assault. It was designed by John B. Bachelder, historian, park superintendent and later supervisor of tablets and inscriptions for the Battlefield Memorial Association. The piece marks the site where a decisive battle was fought. Two cannons with a stack of cannonballs piled next to them are also part of the memorial. The $6,500.00 cost was borne by the 14 states listed on a plaque on the monument. The monument consists of Fox Island and Quincy granite and standard bronze.

How is it inscribed? HIGH WATER MARK OF THE REBELLION/THIS COPSE OF TREES WAS THE LAND MARK TOWARD WHICH LONGSTREET’S ASSAULT WAS DIRECTED JULY 3, 1863

When was this photograph taken? December 9, 2011.

Where is it located? Located Gettysburg National Military Park, Hancock Avenue, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325.

Is this monument located along the NPS Auto Tour route? Yes.

Has this monument been moved or changed? This monument has not been moved or materially altered.

Monument Details, Alternative Views, and Contextual Views

About the Main Monument

When was it dedicated? Sept. 2, 1890.

What is it made out of? Sculpture: bronze; Base: granite.

What size is it? Sculpture: approx. 56 x 20 x 30 1/2 in.; Base: approx. 24 x 52 x 63 in

Who made it? Ellicott, Henry Jackson, 1848-1901, sculptor. Bureau Brothers, founder.

What does it depict? A bronze figure of a kneeling soldier holding his rifle at the ready is installed atop a rectangular granite base. It was modeled off of a soldier in Company L named Joseph Lindemuth. The base is adorned on the front with a bronze Pennsylvania state seal and a bronze Cavalry Corps insignia. The shaft has bronze tablets, bas-relief, and medallions. Located just to the right and left of the base are two small square markers.

What does it honor? The memorial is installed near where the 1st Pennsylvania was on July 3, 1863 at the time of Longstreet’s assault.

How is it inscribed? FIRST PENNSYLVANIA CAVALRY/1 BRIGADE 2 DIVISION CAVALRY CORPS/ARMY OF THE POTOMAC

When was this photograph taken? June 4, 2011.

Where is it located? Located at Gettysburg National Military Park, East side of Hancock Avenue, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325.

Is this monument located along the NPS Auto Tour route? Yes.

Has this monument been moved or changed? In July 1979, the bronze was glass bead peaned and the figure’s sword, sword straps, carbine chap hook, and spurs were replaced.

Monument Details, Alternative Views, and Contextual Views

At Gettysburg

The 1st Pennsylvania Cavalry served as a member of McIntosh’s Brigade in Gregg’s Division of the Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac.

Commander: Col. John P. Taylor (1827-1914)

Number Engaged: 344

Casualties: 2 missing

After Action Report: After Action Report of Col. John P. Taylor (will open a pop up window).

General Information

Raised: Allegheny, Berks, Centre, Clifton, Fayette, Greene, Juniata, Mifflin, Montgomery, and Washington counties as part of the Pennsylvania Reserves.

Regimental History ~ Dyer’s Compendium of the War of the Rebellion:

Companies “A,” “B,” “C,” “D,” “E,” “F” and “G” organized at Camp Curtin, Pa., and mustered into State service July and August, 1861. Moved to Camp Jones, near Washington, D.C., August. Companies “H,” “I” and “K” organized at Camp Wilkins, Pittsburgh, August, 1861. Joined Regiment at Washington. Company “L” organized as an Independent Company July 30, 1861. On duty at Baltimore until January, 1862; then Joined Regiment. Company “M” organized as an Independent Company August 5, 1861. At Baltimore, Md., until October 3, 1861; then on eastern shore of Maryland under Lockwood picketing and scouting until January, 1862; then Joined Regiment. Regiment attached to McCall’s Division, Army of the Potomac, to March, 1862. Cavalry, McDowell’s 1st Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, to April, 1862. Bayard’s Cavalry Brigade, Dept. of the Rappahannock, to June, 1862. Bayard’s Cavalry Brigade, 3rd Army Corps, Army of Virginia, to September, 1862. Bayard’s Brigade, Cavalry Division, Army of the Potomac, to January, 1863. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac, to June, 1863. 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac, to June, 1865.

SERVICE.–Reconnaissance to Leesburg, Va., October 20, 1861. Reconnaissance to Hunter’s Mills October 20 (Detachment). Expedition to Dranesville November 26-27. Action at Dranesville November 27. Expedition to Gunnell’s Farm December 6. Action at Dranesville December 20 (Cos. “C,” “D,” “E,” “H” and “I”). At Camp Pierpont until March, 1862. Companies “L” and “M” Join Regiment January 7. Advance on Manassas, Va., March 10-15. McDowell’s advance to Falmouth April 9-17. Reconnaissance to Falmouth April 17-19. Falmouth April 19. Rappahannock River May 13 (Cos. “F,” “G,” “H,” “L” and “M”). Strasburg and Staunton Road June 1-2. Mount Jackson June 3. New Market June 5. Harrisonburg June 6. Battle of Cross Keys June 8. Harrisonburg June 9. Scouting on the Rappahannock June-July. Reconnaissance to James City July 22-24. Skirmish at Madison Court House July 23. Slaughter House August 8. Battle of Cedar Mountain August 9. Pope’s Campaign in Northern Virginia August 16-September 2. Stevensburg, Raccoon Ford and Brandy Station August 20. Fords of the Rappahannock August 21-23. Special duty at General Pope’s Headquarters August 22-30. Thoroughfare Gap August 28 (Cos. “I” and “M”). Gainesville August 28. Battle of Bull Run August 29-30. Germantown August 31. Centreville and Chantilly August 31. Chantilly September 1. Fairfax Court House September 2. Battle of Antietam, Md., September 16-17. Scout to Warrenton September 29. Aldie and Mountsville October 31. Salem, New Baltimore and Thoroughfare Gap November 4. Warrenton November 6. Rappahannock Station November 7, 8 and 9. Battle of Fredericksburg, Va., December 12-15. Picket near King George Court House until January, 1863. “Mud March” January 20-24. (Co. “H” at Headquarters of 6th Corps February 22 to August 15.) Picket duty from Falmouth to Port Conway until April 26. Chancellorsville Campaign April 26-May 8. Oak Grove April 26. Rapidan Station May 1. (Co. “H” at Chancellorsville May 1-5.) Stoneman’s Raid May 27-April 8. Brandy Station or Fleetwood and Beverly Ford June 9. Aldie June 17. Special duty at Corps Headquarters June 28. Battle of Gettysburg, Pa., July 1-3. Emmettsburg, Md., July 4. Guarding Reserve Artillery July 5-10. Companies “A” and “B” advance for 6th Army Corps from Gettysburg to Hagerstown, Md., July 5-10. Old Antietam Forge, near Leitersburg, July 10. Near Harper’s Ferry, W. Va., July 14. Shepherdstown July 15-16. Picket near Warrenton July-August. Rixeyville and Muddy Run August 5. Wilford’s Ford August 9 (Detachment). Carter’s Run September 6. Scout to Middleburg September 10-11. Advance from the Rappahannock to the Rapidan September 13-17. Culpeper Court House September 13. Near Auburn October 1 (Detachment). Bristoe Campaign October 9-22. Warrenton or White Sulphur Springs October 12-13. Auburn and Bristoe October 14. Brentsville October 14. Advance to line of the Rappahannock November 7-8. Rappahannock Bridge November 7-8. Mine Run Campaign November 26-December 2. New Hope Church November 27. Expedition to Turkey Run Station January 1-4, 1864. Scout to Piedmont February 17-18. Campaign from the Rapidan to the James May 4-June 12. Todd’s Tavern May 5, 6, 7 and 8. Corbin’s Bridge May 8. Sheridan’s Raid May 9-24. New Castle and Davenport May 9. North Anna River May 9-10. Ashland May 11. Ground Squirrel Church and Yellow Tavern May 11. Brook’s Church, Richmond Fortifications, May 12. Milford Station May 21. On line of the Pamunkey May 26-28. Haw’s Shop May 28. Totopotomoy May 28-31. Cold Harbor May 28-31. Sumner’s Upper Bridge June 2. Sheridan’s Trevillian Raid June 7-24. Trevillian Station June 11-12. Newark or Mallory’s Cross Roads June 12. White House or St. Peter’s Church June 21. Black Creek or Tunstall’s Station June 21. St. Mary’s Church June 24. Hope Church June 24. Bellefield July. Warwick Swamp July 12. Demonstration north of the James July 27-29. Malvern Hill and Gaines Hill July 28. Lee’s Mills July 30. Demonstration north of James River August 13-20. Gravel Hill August 14. Malvern Hill August 16. Strawberry Plains August 16-18. Dinwiddie Road, near Ream’s Station, August 23. Ream’s Station August 25. Old members mustered out September 9. Consolidated to a Battalion of five Companies September 9. Belcher’s Mills September 17. Poplar Springs Church September 29-October 2. Arthur’s Swamp September 30-October 1. Charles City Cross Roads October 1. Hatcher’s Run October 27-28. Reconnaissance toward Stony Creek November 7. Stony Creek Station December 1. Hicksford Raid December 7-12. Bellefield December 9-10. Dabney’s Mills, Hatcher’s Run, February 5-7, 1865. Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9. Dinwiddie Court House March 30-31. Five Forks April 1. Amelia Springs April 5. Sailor’s Creek April 6. Farmville April 7. Appomattox Court House April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. Expedition to Danville April 23-29. Moved to Washington, D.C. Grand Review May 23. Consolidated with 6th and 17th Pennsylvania Cavalry to form 2nd Provisional Cavalry June 17, 1865. Regiment lost during service 9 Officers and 87 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 1 Officer and 104 Enlisted men by disease. Total 201.

About the Main Monument

When was it dedicated? Oct. 12, 1886.

What is it made out of? Sculpture: Westerly granite; Base: granite.

What size is it? Overall: approx. H. 8 ft. 6 in.; Base: approx. 15 x 47 x 49 in.

Who made it? Flaherty, John, sculptor.

What does it depict? Monument is a three-part granite shaft with alternating smooth and rough cut topped with a rough cut cube and set on a rough cut 3.7 foot square base. The shaft has a finished center with incised lettering on the front and rear. Overall height is 8.6 feet. Position marker is 1.2×9 foot.

What does it honor? The sculpture is sited on the position held by Battery B, 1st Rhode Island Artillery on July 3, 1863 during the cannonade and Longstreet’s Assault. It is also the location of the “Gettysburg Gun” incident in which a charge became permanently fixed in a cannon muzzle as a result of being struck by Confederate shell.

How is it inscribed? J. FLAHERTY/NIANTIC/R.I. (On front:) BROWN’S/BATTERY B./1ST R.I. LT. ART.L’Y (On back:) ART.L’Y BRIG./2ND CORPS/ARMY POTOMAC

When was this photograph taken? April 15, 2011.

Where is it located? Located Gettysburg National Military Park, Hancock Avenue, east side, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325. Monument is located on the east side of Hancock Avenue.

Is this monument located along the NPS Auto Tour route? Yes.

Has this monument been moved or changed? This monument has not been moved or materially altered.

Monument Details, Alternative Views, and Contextual Views

At Gettysburg

The 1st Rhode Island Artillery, Battery B was also known as Hazard’s Battery. During the battle of Gettysburg, it served as a member of Hazard’s Brigade in the Second Corps, Army of the Potomac.

Commander: Lt. Thomas F. Brown (1842-1928). Student at Brown University. Wounded on July 2.

Number Engaged: 6 Napoleons and 103 men

Casualties: 7 killed, 19 wounded, 2 missing

Soldiers Buried in the Rhode Island Plot of the Gettysburg National Cemetery:

• Cpl. Henry H. Ballou, B-2
• Sgt. Ira Z. Bennett, detailed from Company B 19th Maine, A-1
• Pvt. Michael Flynn, detailed from Company E 15th Massachusetts, D-3 of the Massachusetts Plot
• Pvt. Alfred Gardner, B-3
• Pvt. John Greene, A-5
• Pvt. William Jones, B-4

General Information

Raised: Providence County

Regimental History ~ Dyer’s Compendium of the War of the Rebellion:

Organized at Providence and mustered in August 18, 1861. Left State for Washington, D.C., August 23. Attached to Stone’s Brigade, Division of the Potomac, to October, 1861. Artillery, Stone’s (Sedgwick’s) Division, Army of the Potomac, to March, 1862. Artillery, 2nd Division, 2nd Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, to June, 1863. Artillery Brigade, 2nd Army Corps, to June, 1865.

SERVICE.–Duty at Camp Stone and along Upper Potomac until February, 1862. Operations on the Potomac October 21-24, 1861. Battle of Ball’s Bluff October 21. March to Harper’s Ferry, W. Va., February 25-26, 1862, and duty there until March 7. Moved to Charlestown, thence to Berryville March 7-10. Advance toward Winchester March 13-14. Return to Harper’s Ferry, thence moved to Washington. D.C., and Hampton, Va., March 22-April 1. Siege of Yorktown April 5-May 4. Battle of Fair Oaks (Seven Pines) May 31-June 1. Seven days before Richmond June 25-July 1. Peach Orchard and Savage Station June 29. Charles City Cross Roads and Glendale June 30. Malvern Hill July 1. At Harrison’s Landing until August 16. Movement to Fortress Monroe, thence to Alexandria and Fairfax C. H. August 16-31. Cover retreat of Pope’s Army from Bull Run to Washington August 31-September 2. Maryland Campaign September. Battles of South Mountain September 14, and Antietam September 16-17. Moved to Harper’s Ferry September 22, and duty there until October 30. Reconnaissance to Charlestown October 16-17. Advance up Loudoun Valley and movement to Falmouth, Va., October 30-November 17. Battle of Fredericksburg December 11-15. Duty at Falmouth until April 27, 1863. Chancellorsville Campaign April 27-May 6. Maryes Heights, Fredericksburg, May 3. Salem Heights May 3-4. Banks’ Ford May 4. Gettysburg (Pa.) Campaign June 11-July 24. Battle of Gettysburg July 1-4. Advance from the Rappahannock to the Rapidan September 13-17. Bristoe Campaign October 9-22. Auburn and Bristoe October 14. Advance to line of the Rappahannock November 7-8. Mine Run Campaign November 26-December 2. At Stevensburg, Va., until May, 1864. Demonstration on the Rapidan February 6-7. Campaign from the Rapidan to the James May-June. Battles of the Wilderness May 5-7; Spotsylvania May 8-12; Spotsylvania C. H. May 12-21. Assault on the Salient May 12. North Anna River May 23-26. Line of the Pamunkey May 26-28. Totopotomoy May 28-31. Cold Harbor June 1-12. Before Petersburg June 16-18. Siege of Petersburg June 16, 1864, to April 2, 1865. Jerusalem Plank Road June 22-23, 1864. Deep Bottom July 27-28. Strawberry Plains, Deep Bottom, August 14-18. Ream’s Station August 25. Hatcher’s Run October 27-28. Dabney’s Mills February 5-7, 1865. Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9. Fall of Petersburg April 2. Sailor’s Creek April 6. High Bridge and Farmville April 7. Appomattox C. H. April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. Moved to Washington, D.C., May 2-15. Grand Review May 23. Mustered out June 13, 1865. Battery lost during service 1 Officer and 13 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 15 Enlisted men by disease. Total 29.

About the Main Monument

When was it dedicated? Erected between 1907 and 1908.

What is it made out of? Foundation: Concrete. Monument: Polished red Jonesboro Granite. Plaque: Bronze.

What size is it? 24 by 50 inches and 7 feet high.

Who made it? Van Armitage Granite Company

What does it depict? One of 45 monuments erected to units of the United States regular army on the battlefield. A red polished Jonesboro granite monolith that is set upon a concrete foundation with a descriptive 3’6′x3’7′ bronze tablet with the coat of arms of the United States in bronze.

What does it honor? Locates position occupied by Cushing’s Battery during Battle of Gettysburg.

How is it inscribed? The monument is inscribed,

ARMY OF THE POTOMAC
SECOND CORPS
ARTILLERY BRIGADE
BATTERY A FOURTH U. S. ARTILLERY
Six 3 Inch Rifles

Lieut. Alonzo H. Cushing and Sergt. Frederick Fuger Commanding

July 2. Arrived and took position with the brigade of Brig. General A. S. Webb Second Division Second Corps and took part in the artillery engagements during the day.

July 3. Engaged in the repulse of Longstreet’s assault and lost all its officers killed or wounded and all the guns but one and all its horses but three were disabled. Lieut. Cushing was killed while firing the last shot from the only effective gun. After the repulse of Longstreet’s assault the Battery was withdrawn.

Casualties Killed 1 Officer and 5 Men Wounded 1 Officer and 31 Men

When was this photograph taken? September 24, 2010.

Where is it located? Located Gettysburg National Military Park, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325. Located west side Hancock Avenue at The Angle.

Is this monument located along the NPS Auto Tour route?

Has this monument been moved or changed? This monument has not been moved or materially altered.

Monument Details, Alternative Views, and Contextual Views

At Gettysburg

The 4th United States Battery “A” was also known as Morgan’s Battery. During the battle of Gettysburg, it served as a member of Hazard’s Brigade in the Second Corps, Army of the Potomac.

Commander: Lt. Alonzo H. Cushing (1841-1863). USMA 1861 from Delafield, Wisconsin. Killed on July 3.

Number Engaged: 6 Ordnance Rifles and 129 men

Casualties: 6 killed, 32 wounded

Officers Killed at Gettysburg:

• 1st Lieutenant Alonzo H. Cushing, commanding, aged 22, of Delafield, Wisconsin, USMA 1861, killed on July 3
• 2nd Lieutenant Joseph S. Milne, attached from Battery B 1st Rhode Island, of Newport Rhode Island, mortally wounded on July 3

Soldiers Buried in the United States Plot of the Gettysburg National Cemetery:

• Pvt. Ansel Fassett, B-2
• Pvt. Joseph W. Irwin, B-7
• Pvt. James Murphy, acting Sgt., B-9
• Pvt. William Patton, B-8
• Pvt. Martin Scanlon, B-5

Medal of Honor Winners: FUGER, FREDERICK. Rank and organization: Sergeant, Battery A, 4th U.S. Artillery. Place and date: At Gettysburg, Pa., 3 July 1863. Entered service at: ——. Birth: Germany. Date of issue: 24 August 1897. Citation: All the officers of his battery having been killed or wounded and five of its guns disabled in Pickett’s assault, he succeeded to the command and fought the remaining gun with most distinguished gallantry until the battery was ordered withdrawn.

General Information

Raised: The unit dated back to 1821 and in 1861 was stationed at Fort Crittenden in the Utah Territory. In October 1862, this unit received substantial reinforcements from the 4th Ohio, giving it a Buckeye flavor.

Regimental History ~ Dyer’s Compendium of the War of the Rebellion:

Consolidated with Battery “C” at Washington, D.C., October, 1861. Attached to Sumner’s Division, Army of the Potomac, to March, 1862. Artillery, 1st Division, 2nd Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, to November, 1862. (Batteries separated October 18, 1862.) Reserve Artillery, 2nd Army Corps, to May, 1863. Artillery Brigade, 2nd Army Corps, to July, 1863. 1st Brigade, Horse Artillery, Army of the Potomac, to June, 1864. 1st Brigade, Hardin’s Division, 22nd Army Corps, to July, 1864. Camp Barry, Defenses of Washington, D. C., 22nd Corps, to August, 1865.

SERVICE.–Duty in the Defenses of Washington, D.C., until March, 1862. Moved to the Virginia Peninsula. Siege of Yorktown April 5-May 4. Battle of Seven Pines, Fair Oaks, May 31-June 1. Seven days before Richmond June 25-July 1. Peach Orchard and Savage Station June 29. White Oak Swamp and Glen- dale June 30. Malvern Hill July 1. At Harrison’s Landing until August 16. Movement to Alexandria and Centreville August 16-28. Cover Pope’s retreat August 28-September 2. Maryland Campaign September 6-22. Battle of Antietam, Md., September 16-17. At Harper’s Ferry September 22-October 30. Movement to Falmouth, Va., October 30-November 19. Battle of Fredericksburg December 12-15. At Falmouth, Va., until April, 1863. Chancellorsville Campaign April 27-May 6. Battle of Chancellorsville May 1-5. Gettysburg (Pa.) Campaign June 11-July 16. Battle of Gettysburg, Pa., July 1-3. Made a Horse Battery July 15, and attached to 1st Division, Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac. Advance to the Rapidan September 13-17. Culpeper Court House September 13. Reconnaissance across the Rapidan September 21-23. Bristoe Campaign October 9-22. White Sulphur Springs October 12. Bristoe Station October 14. St. Stephen’s Church October 14. Advance to line of the Rappahannock November 7-8. Mine Run Campaign November 26-December 2. Parker’s Store November 29. Rapidan Campaign May 4-June 4, 1864. Wilderness May 5-7. Sheridan’s Raid to the James River May 9-24. North Anna River May 9. Ground Squirrel Church and Yellow Tavern May 11. Brook Church, Fortifications of Richmond, May 12. On line of the Pamunkey May 26-28. Totopotomoy May 28-31. Cold Harbor May 31-June 1. Dismounted and sent to Washington, D.C., June 4. Duty in the Defenses of Washington, D.C., until August, 1865.